<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Michele Dantini: Winston (Post)]]></title><description><![CDATA[Questa sezione è dedicata a spunti di cultura e geopolitica, riflessioni sulla congiuntura, critica del pensiero astratto e dottrinario, investigazioni sulle elite. E' così chiamata da Winston Churchill, premier britannico alla cui chiaroveggenza e tenacia l'Europa deve la sconfitta di Hitler; magnifico oratore e pittore talentuoso. ]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/s/winston</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CYcX!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03d487f-93e5-424c-a37b-40fd6aeea08e_432x432.png</url><title>Michele Dantini: Winston (Post)</title><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/s/winston</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 07:01:40 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Michele Dantini]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[it]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[micheledantini@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[micheledantini@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[micheledantini@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[micheledantini@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[La crisi della democrazia liberale e la tradizione rivoluzionario-conservatrice / 🇮🇹 🇬🇧]]></title><description><![CDATA[Nella riflessione politica manca oggi la giusta radicalit&#224;. In sede teorica si ha il diritto/dovere di esplorare onestamente tutti gli scenari]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/la-crisi-delle-democrazie-liberali</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/la-crisi-delle-democrazie-liberali</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 07:06:26 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kMUF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5837914f-e8e4-4625-8b8f-69d2926d5a01_1920x1200.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kMUF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5837914f-e8e4-4625-8b8f-69d2926d5a01_1920x1200.jpeg" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kMUF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5837914f-e8e4-4625-8b8f-69d2926d5a01_1920x1200.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kMUF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5837914f-e8e4-4625-8b8f-69d2926d5a01_1920x1200.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kMUF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5837914f-e8e4-4625-8b8f-69d2926d5a01_1920x1200.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kMUF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5837914f-e8e4-4625-8b8f-69d2926d5a01_1920x1200.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>&#127468;&#127463; </strong><em>English Version below</em></p><div><hr></div><p>In occasione di incontri o conferenze sul tema del liberalismo e le sue sorti mi accade sempre pi&#249; spesso di imbattermi in un paradosso - che chiamer&#242; <strong>il paradosso dei &#8220;riluttanti&#8221;</strong> -. Molti si dicono persuasi che la tradizione liberale nel suo complesso e le democrazie liberali occidentali pi&#249; in concreto siano ormai giunte alla conclusione del loro ciclo; e tuttavia, aggiungono, non si sa bene cosa proporre di alternativo.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ha perso credito, si afferma, la teoria dell&#8217;individuo sovrano, invariabilmente capace di scelte razionali perch&#233; provvisto di informazioni complete: questa, al pi&#249;, &#232; una teoria delle elites anglo-francesi settecentesche. Cos&#236; pure la teoria della &#8220;mano invisibile&#8221;: davvero vogliamo credere che la somma degli interessi privati coincida con l&#8217;interesse pubblico? Che l&#8217;esercizio della libert&#224;, spesso ridotto a un vuoto rito elettorale, procuri esso stesso &#8220;pedagogia&#8221;? Non esiste &#8220;libert&#224;&#8221; disgiunta da responsabilit&#224;: ma proprio questa disgiunzione oggi dilaga. &#8220;Libert&#224; di parola&#8221; &#232; mero trucco, in una congiuntura come l&#8217;attuale: diviene arbitrio, <em>ressentiment</em>, violenza, incompetenza testuale. Non importa se sui social o nelle testate generaliste: ha ragione chi alza la voce, e la discussione che ne esce richiama la Bestia multicefala aborrita da <strong>Socrate</strong> nel <em>Gorgia</em> - ingorda di sangue, onniprotestataria, urlante. Non si comprende come ci&#242; possa definirsi &#8220;progresso&#8221;. Del tutto inconsistenti, sotto profili metafisici, sembrano infine i postulati metafisici sottesi alla teoria politica liberale: la &#8220;ragionevolezza&#8221; del Divino, l&#8217;autotrasparenza della ragione.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Dunque: che fare? Intendo qui controreplicare ai &#8220;riluttanti&#8221; e proporre possibili nuclei di pensiero post-liberale. Chiarisco per prima cosa che, quantomeno a mio avviso, occorre distaccare (in via temporanea e sperimentale) la riflessione dalla cittadinanza, la teoria dalla cronaca. In altre parole: non ci &#232; lecito trarre controfattuali dall&#8217;&#8221;attualit&#224;&#8221; politico-partitica. Nel frangente di una transizione epocale, quando sono da ripensare cornici e presupposti, si deve, in sede teorica, poter formulare qualsiasi scenario (anche antidemocratico, per intendersi) prima di pronunciarsi sulle opzioni pi&#249; adeguate: per cos&#236; dire seguendo l&#8217;esempio di <strong>Paul Val&#233;ry</strong>, che nel 1934, vicino a posizioni rivoluzionario-conservatrici, si dedica a una riflessione sulle ragioni della crisi demoliberale.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La pi&#249; comune obiezione dei &#8220;riluttanti&#8221; suona pi&#249; o meno cos&#236;: s&#236;, d&#8217;accordo, stabiliamo pure che le democrazie occidentali hanno fallito, e accordiamoci per una svolta in senso conservatore. Che rimane per&#242; da &#8220;conservare&#8221;? I &#8220;classici&#8221; della reazione, da de Maistre a de Bonald, da Donoso Cort&#233;s a Schmitt, si muovevano a ridosso di una crisi <em>recente</em> degli istituti tradizionali - le Chiese, la monarchia, l&#8217;aristocrazia, etc. -; che disponevano ancora di ampio consenso popolare. Ma oggi? La &#8220;secolarizzazione&#8221;, si sostiene, &#232; troppo avanzata, determinati istituti sociali, ad esempio la famiglia, non godono pi&#249; di un consenso maggioritario, il ruolo di chiese e religioni non &#232; certo centrale, etc.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;Conservare&#8221; si dice in molti modi, mi viene da osservare. Per lo pi&#249; l&#8217;obiezione di cui qui sopra intende &#8220;conservazione&#8221; nel senso &#8220;continuistico&#8221; proprio della tradizione inglese e americana. Da Burke a Scruton, per dire. Tutti conoscono Burke e le sue <em>Riflessioni sulla Rivoluzione in Francia</em>: <strong>Burke</strong> contesta al Terzo Stato legiferante il distacco dalle consuetudini politico-giuridiche e quell&#8217;eccesso di &#8220;astrattezza&#8221; che andr&#224; persino crescendo nel periodo del Terrore. In anni recenti, con grande acutezza e ampia cultura, <strong>Scruton</strong> ha riproposto modelli e nuclei teorici del pensiero conservatore anglo-americano. Spiccano, tra i suoi riferimenti politici, <strong>T. S. Eliot</strong> e la proposta di rinnovata mobilitazione dell&#8217;Occidente in senso cristiano, pi&#249; volte formulata nel corso degli anni Venti. E&#8217; una linea, questa, del cristianesimo etico e &#8220;culturale&#8221; di T. S. Eliot, che giunge oggi sino a Niall Ferguson e altri intellettuali di area britannica, oltre a Scruton: linea che muove appunto nel senso della &#8220;continuit&#224;&#8221; e della conservazione (intesa come custodia) di tradizioni che giungono a noi ininterrotte (Scruton parla di &#8220;lealt&#224;&#8221;: quasi di un obbligo liberamente scelto in rapporto a consuetudini, &#8220;valori&#8221;, istituti che hanno retto per secoli e millenni le comunit&#224;, e che si tratta comunque di onorare). Personalmente trovo sempre pi&#249; urgente &#8220;conservare&#8221; - opinione, questa che traggo dal &#8220;secondo&#8221; <strong>Ernst J&#252;nger</strong> -. Ma non &#232; a questo tipo di conservatorismo che intendo per lo pi&#249; riferirmi: Finkielkraut, in Francia, lo interpreta anche nel senso del &#8220;diritto alla continuit&#224; culturale&#8221;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cosa (e come) &#8220;conservare&#8221; quando ci volgiamo a tradizioni invece <em>interrotte</em>? Qui si tratta non semplicemente di custodire, ma di riaffermare: vale a dire affrontare a ritroso una dilapidazione che c&#8217;&#232; gi&#224; stata. Questo &#232; il problema, cruciale, del &#8220;conservatorismo&#8221; che non si volge al passato con nostalgia o tenerezza antiquaria, n&#233; potrebbe farlo, anche se volesse - neppure i conservatori alla Burke o alla Scruton lo fanno, ci mancherebbe; ma semplifichiamo per chiarezza e semplicit&#224; di argomentazione -; e che non ha niente a che fare con continuismo, tradizionalismo, legittimismo etc.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">I teorici della Rivoluzione conservatrice tedesca, nel periodo dell&#8217;<em>entre-deux-guerres</em>, si trovano di fronte al problema della ricostruzione morale della nazione senza poter n&#233; voler richiamare sul trono la dinastia degli Hohenzollern. Con in pi&#249; la motivata sfiducia nelle elite dominanti dell&#8217;anteguerra. Sotto questo profilo, della negazione radicale che attraversa e introduce il progetto di Nuovo Inizio, la Rivoluzione conservatrice, che ha in Nietzsche il primo mentore e <a href="https://laltravoce.com/commenti/2025/12/30/in-che-senso-diciamo-tradizione/">in Evola il solo vero interprete italiano</a>, offre tuttora un modello che corrisponde meglio allo scenario attuale. Questo &#232; un &#8220;conservatorismo&#8221; che, nel proporsi la riaffermazione di principi di competenza e autorit&#224; fondati sulle capacit&#224; effettive dell&#8217;individuo, n&#233; su censo n&#233; su sangue, fa propri modelli rivoluzionari, rigetta facili &#8220;continuit&#224;&#8221; nell&#8217;ordine sociale e statuale - prevede invece quanto Schmitt definisce lo &#8220;stato di emergenza&#8221; -; e spinge infine per la riaffermazione di culture politiche s&#236; trapassate, perch&#233; dilapidate dall&#8217;anteguerra (il &#8220;socialismo prussiano&#8221;), da riacquisire per&#242; adesso in forme socialmente inedite, nate dalla guerra (l&#8217;esperienza del fronte che matura il &#8220;tipo&#8221; dell&#8217;&#8221;operaio&#8221; e estingue invece il &#8220;tipo&#8221; dello Junker).</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La biografia politica di questo o quel membro della Rivoluzione conservatrice non vale come possibile obiezione: perch&#233;, &#232; vero, taluni simpatizzarono con NSDAP o si schierarono apertamente con NSDAP, ma altri ne furono invece osteggiati o perseguitati. N&#233;, in alcun modo, i maggiori interpreti della Rivoluzione conservatrice, elitisti filo-Junker come <strong>Arthur Moeller van den Bruck</strong>, responsabile dell&#8217;edizione tedesca dell&#8217;<em>Opera omnia</em> di Dostojevskij tra 1906 e 1919; &#8220;rossobruni&#8221; come <strong>Niekisch</strong>; o &#8220;spiriti liberi&#8221; come Ernst e Friedrich J&#252;nger, si fecero interpreti di antisemitismo e razzismo.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ora, non &#232; interessante entrare in dettaglio; n&#233; proporre una semplice &#8220;ripetizione&#8221; di punti di vista che peraltro non vollero o non poterono essere altro che teorici. Ci &#232; sufficiente rimandare al progetto di &#8220;rivoluzione conservatrice&#8221; in quanto storicamente plausibile e legittimo: progetto che trova oggi inatteso consenso tra i teorici della Silicon Valley, da Thiel a Karp passando per Curtis Yarvin, che sembrano a tutti gli effetti discepoli, se non di Moeller van den Bruck, di Spengler, pure lui ispiratore e mentore, nell&#8217;immediato primo dopoguerra, della Rivoluzione conservatrice.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Non si tratta d&#8217;altra parte, per noi adesso in Italia, in Europa, di progettare eversione, n&#233; di adottare punti di vista (come accennato) cesaristici; ma certo schierarsi a favore di revisioni anche radicali dell&#8217;attuale forma-Stato, tali da dare esecuzione a agende neo-conservatrici e corrispondere in modo pi&#249; efficace alle sfide in corso, geopolitiche, economiche, sociali, culturali, che l&#8217;Italia, l&#8217;Europa si trovano a affrontare. Abbiamo la percezione di ci&#242; che pu&#242; rappresentare, per l&#8217;industria europea, dunque per l&#8217;occupazione, l&#8217;attuale intreccio di dumping di Stato, sovrapproduzione e <em>surplus</em> commerciale cinese? Di qui a venti anni, a dieci anni, a cinque anni. Non ci potremmo permettere una discussione pubblica polarizzata sui temi dell&#8217;antifascismo pi&#249; ovvio e stereotipo. Che dire poi della mortificante dipendenza europea da filiere straniere nell&#8217;ambito dell&#8217;estrazione e commercio di terre rare? Cinesi o americane. Ancora. C&#8217;&#232; un modo, oggi per la UE, di rientrare in corsa negli ambiti dell&#8217;IA e dell&#8217;industria militare; oppure il distacco accumulato da Cina e Stati Uniti, &#232; gi&#224; troppo grande? Tralasciando questioni economiche, che pure presupporrebbero, da parte europea, processi decisionali infinitamente pi&#249; rapidi degli attuali a livello nazionale e sovranazionale, mi limito a elencare alcuni punti di un&#8217;agenda post-secolare e post-liberale che faccia pernio su questioni concrete, non sull&#8217;illimitata estensione di diritti; e dialoghi con le proposte di centralismo radicale che oggi tornano a presentarsi: politiche della natalit&#224; (il Parlamento tedesco a questo riguardo ha appena introdotto una fiscalit&#224; differenziata), politiche della scuola e dell&#8217;universit&#224;, politiche del patrimonio, disciplinamento delle politiche di immigrazione, tacitazione delle &#8220;voci&#8221; estreme, incoraggiamento del dialogo inter-religioso e leggi anti- blasfemia, tutela del lavoro e dei salari.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Spesso dimentichiamo di considerare quali e quante lacerazioni innecessarie il biennio 1792-1793 abbia portato alla storia europea. Burke ha ragione su questo: i &#8220;rivoluzionari&#8221; hanno condannato l&#8217;intera storia di Francia al disonore - considerata la violenza che hanno usato contro di essa -. I modelli centralistici di statualit&#224; che si sono poi affermati in Europa continentale risentono, a vari livelli, dell&#8217;esperienza della R&#233;publique &#8220;rivoluzionaria&#8221;, che riflette molto pi&#249; un&#8217;appendice dei processi di centralizzazione amministrativa avviati sotto Richelieu e Luigi xiv - dunque uno sviluppo estremo dell&#8217;assolutismo francese - che un nuovo inizio.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La UE nasce all&#8217;insegna del centralismo amministrativo francese, ne costituisce l&#8217;applicazione e la propaggine: &#232; legittimo che sia contestata come inane e al contempo dispotica. Proviamo a leggere, di <strong>Tocqueville</strong>, non solo <em>La democrazia in America</em>, mirabile saggio sui fondamenti religiosi dell&#8217;autogoverno, ma pure <em>L&#8217;Ancien R&#233;gime e la rivoluzione</em>: vi troveremo - in particolare nell&#8217;introduzione, vero e proprio inno levato (in largo anticipo su <strong>Nietzsche</strong>!) alla libert&#224; grandsignoriale, che comprende fierezza, magnanimit&#224;, sprezzo delle convenzioni, intraprendenza e coraggio, che avrebbe dovuto, e non &#232; stato, divenire obiettivo repubblicano estendere a tutti -, le premesse per una qualsiasi critica del centralismo amministrativo di tradizione francese. A Tocqueville tale centralismo sembra <em>sempre</em> tirannico, senza necessit&#224; di fare distinzioni tra monarchia e repubblica. Vale la pena richiamare, a mo&#8217; di conclusione, <a href="https://open.substack.com/pub/micheledantini/p/per-uneuropa-post-liberale-manifesto?r=4jx1q&amp;utm_campaign=post-expanded-share&amp;utm_medium=web">il recente riferimento di Draghi all&#8217;&#8221;orgoglio&#8221; europeo, da ritrovare</a>. Riferimento che riecheggia quasi, a distanza di tempo, il Tocqueville pi&#249; &#8220;conservatore&#8221;; ma cade nel vuoto se considerato nell&#8217;amnestica (e &#8220;francofona&#8221;) cornice laic(istic)o-liberale del Trattato di Lisbona.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Questo articolo &#232; stato pubblicato sul quotidiano </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> in data 6.6.2026. Lo ripubblico qui con modifiche.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per aver letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e culturali. Iscriviti per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Sei gi&#224; iscritto? Considera allora la possibilit&#224; di fare upgrade per avere un&#8217;esperienza pi&#249; completa del blog.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Fai upgrade&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Fai upgrade</span></a></p><p>Per regalare il blog invece clicca <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/la-crisi-delle-democrazie-liberali?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/la-crisi-delle-democrazie-liberali?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>&#127468;&#127463; </strong><em>The Dilemma of the &#8220;Reluctants&#8221; and the Post-Liberal Horizon</em></p><p>On the occasion of symposia or conferences addressing liberalism and its vicissitudes, I increasingly find myself encountering a paradox&#8212;which I shall term the paradox of the &#8220;reluctants.&#8221; Many interlocutors profess a conviction that the liberal tradition as a whole, and Western liberal democracies more concretely, have reached the terminus of their historical cycle; yet, there remains a conspicuous opacity regarding what alternative ought to be proposed.</p><p>The theory of the sovereign individual&#8212;invariably capable of rational choice by virtue of possessing perfect information&#8212;has, it is asserted, lost its credibility; this is now viewed, at best, as a construct of the eighteenth-century Anglo-French elites. So too has the theory of the &#8220;invisible hand&#8221; fallen into disrepute: are we truly to believe that the sum of private interests culminates in the public good? Or that the exercise of liberty, frequently reduced to a hollow electoral ritual, inherently generates a form of civic pedagogy? There can be no liberty detached from responsibility; yet it is precisely this detachment that proliferates today. In the contemporary conjuncture, &#8220;freedom of speech&#8221; is exposed as a mere stratagem: it degenerates into caprice, ressentiment, violence, and textual incompetence. Whether on social media platforms or within broadsheet journalism, the prevailing ethos dictates that authority belongs to whoever shouts the loudest. The resulting discourse recalls the multi-headed Beast abhorred by Socrates in the <em>Gorgias</em>&#8212;bloodthirsty, omni-protestational, and vociferous. It is incomprehensible how this can be categorized as &#8220;progress.&#8221; Finally, the metaphysical postulates underpinning liberal political theory&#8212;namely, the &#8220;reasonableness&#8221; of the Divine and the self-transparency of reason&#8212;appear utterly untenable from a metaphysical standpoint.</p><p>Hence, the question arises: what is to be done? My intention here is to counter the arguments of these &#8220;reluctants&#8221; and to delineate potential conceptual nuclei for post-liberal thought. I must first clarify that, in my view at least, it is necessary to decouple&#8212;temporarily and experimentally&#8212;theoretical reflection from the immediate demands of citizenship, and theory from journalism. In other words, we are not permitted to derive counterfactuals from the contingencies of partisan politics. In the crucible of an epochal transition, when foundational frameworks and presuppositions must be rethought, theory must remain free to formulate any scenario whatsoever (including, to be clear, anti-democratic ones) prior to pronouncing judgment on the most adequate options. In this, we might follow the example of Paul Val&#233;ry, who in 1934, operating in close proximity to Revolutionary-Conservative positions, dedicated himself to reflecting upon the causes of the demo-liberal crisis.</p><p><em>Redefining the Conservative Imperative</em></p><p>The most common objection raised by the &#8220;reluctants&#8221; unfolds roughly as follows: granted, let us concede that Western democracies have failed, and let us agree upon a conservative turn. But what remains to be conserved? The &#8220;classics&#8221; of reaction&#8212;from de Maistre to de Bonald, from Donoso Cort&#233;s to Schmitt&#8212;operated in the immediate wake of a recent crisis of traditional institutions (the Church, the monarchy, the aristocracy, etc.) which still commanded broad popular consensus. But what of today? &#8220;Secularization,&#8221; it is argued, is too far advanced; certain social institutions, such as the family, no longer enjoy majority consensus; and the role of churches and religion is far from central.</p><p>To &#8220;conserve,&#8221; I am inclined to observe, is a term spoken in many ways. For the most part, the aforementioned objection conceives of &#8220;conservation&#8221; in the continuistic sense characteristic of the Anglo-American tradition&#8212;from Burke to Scruton, as it were. Burke and his Reflections on the Revolution in France are universally known: Burke reproached the legislating Third Estate for its rupture with political and juridical customs, and for that excess of &#8220;abstractness&#8221; which would escalate during the Terror. In recent years, with immense acuity and erudition, Scruton revived the theoretical core of Anglo-American conservative thought. Prominent among his political reference points was T.S. Eliot and his proposal for a renewed Christian mobilization of the West, articulated repeatedly during the 1920s. This lineage of Eliot&#8217;s ethical and &#8220;cultural&#8221; Christianity extends today to Niall Ferguson and other British intellectuals alongside Scruton. It operates precisely along the axis of continuity and conservation (understood as stewardship) of traditions that have reached us uninterrupted. Scruton speaks of &#8220;loyalty&#8221;&#8212;resembling a freely chosen obligation toward the customs, values, and institutions that have sustained communities for centuries and millennia, and which must nonetheless be honored. Personally, I find the imperative to &#8220;conserve&#8221; increasingly urgent&#8212;a view I derive from the &#8220;late&#8221; Ernst J&#252;nger. However, it is not to this species of conservatism that I principally refer; in France, Finkielkraut interprets this impulse as the &#8220;right to cultural continuity.&#8221;</p><p>What, then, is to be conserved&#8212;and how&#8212;when we turn instead to interrupted traditions? Here, it is not a matter of mere stewardship, but of reaffirmation: that is, reversing a squandering that has already occurred. This is the crucial problem of a conservatism that does not look back to the past with nostalgia or antiquarian tenderness&#8212;nor could it do so even if it wished (not even Burkean or Scrutonian conservatives do so, needless to say; but let us simplify for the sake of argument). This orientation has nothing to do with continuism, traditionalism, or legitimism.</p><p>The theorists of the German Conservative Revolution during the interwar period (entre-deux-guerres) confronted the problem of the moral reconstruction of the nation without wishing, or being able, to recall the Hohenzollern dynasty to the throne. This was compounded by a justified distrust of the pre-war ruling elites. In this respect&#8212;namely, the radical negation that permeates and inaugurates the project of a New Beginning&#8212;the Conservative Revolution (which finds its primary mentor in Nietzsche and its only true Italian interpreter in Evola) still offers a model that corresponds more closely to our current scenario. This is a conservatism which, in proposing the reaffirmation of principles of competence and authority grounded in the actual capacities of the individual&#8212;beholden neither to wealth nor lineage&#8212;appropriates revolutionary models. It rejects facile continuities within the social and state order, anticipating instead what Schmitt defines as the &#8220;state of exception.&#8221; Ultimately, it drives toward the reaffirmation of political cultures that are indeed defunct&#8212;having been squandered by the pre-war era (such as &#8220;Prussian Socialism&#8221;)&#8212;yet must now be reacquired in socially unprecedented forms forged by war (the frontline experience that matured the &#8220;type&#8221; of the Worker while extinguishing the &#8220;type&#8221; of the Junker).</p><p>The political biography of this or that member of the Conservative Revolution does not constitute a valid objection. While it is true that certain figures sympathized or openly aligned themselves with the NSDAP, others were opposed or persecuted by it. Nor did the major exponents of the Conservative Revolution&#8212;whether elite pro-Junker figures like Arthur Moeller van den Bruck (responsible for the German edition of Dostoevsky&#8217;s Complete Works between 1906 and 1919), &#8220;National Bolshevists&#8221; like Niekisch, or &#8220;free spirits&#8221; like Ernst and Friedrich J&#252;nger&#8212;ever become conduits for antisemitism or racism.</p><p>It is unprofitable to enter into these minutiae now, or to propose a literal repetition of viewpoints that, moreover, neither wished to be nor could be anything other than theoretical. It suffices to recall the project of the &#8220;conservative revolution&#8221; as historically plausible and legitimate&#8212;a project that today finds unexpected resonance among Silicon Valley theorists, from Thiel to Karp and Curtis Yarvin. These figures appear, for all intents and purposes, to be disciples if not of Moeller van den Bruck, then of Spengler, who was himself an inspirer and mentor of the Conservative Revolution in the immediate aftermath of the First World War.</p><p><em>Toward a Post-Liberal Realpolitik</em></p><p>Furthermore, for us today in Italy and Europe, it is not a matter of plotting subversion, nor of adopting (as noted) Caesarist viewpoints; rather, it is a matter of aligning ourselves with potentially radical revisions of the current state-form, capable of executing neo-conservative agendas and responding more effectively to unfolding geopolitical, economic, social, and cultural challenges. Are we truly cognizant of what the current nexus of Chinese state dumping, overproduction, and trade surpluses portends for European industry, and consequently for employment, in five, ten, or twenty years? We cannot afford a public discourse polarized by the most banal and stereotypical anti-fascism. Moreover, what of Europe&#8217;s mortifying dependence on foreign supply chains&#8212;whether Chinese or American&#8212;for the extraction and trade of rare earth elements? Is there still a pathway for the European Union to re-enter the arena of artificial intelligence and the defense industry, or is the chasm opened by China and the United States already insurmountable?</p><p>Leaving aside economic matters&#8212;which would themselves presuppose, on the part of Europe, decision-making processes infinitely more rapid than those currently available at national and supranational levels&#8212;I shall confine myself to cataloging several items for a post-secular and post-liberal agenda. This agenda must pivot upon concrete issues rather than the limitless extension of rights, and it must engage with the proposals for radical centralism that are re-emerging today: natalist policies (in this regard, the German Parliament has just introduced a differentiated tax structure), educational and university reforms, the preservation of cultural patrimony, the regulation of immigration policies, the silencing of extremist voices, the encouragement of inter-religious dialogue paired with anti-blasphemy laws, and the protection of labor and wages.</p><p>We frequently neglect to consider how many unnecessary lacerations the biennium of 1792&#8211;1793 inflicted upon European history. Burke is correct on this score: the &#8220;revolutionaries&#8221; condemned the entire history of France to dishonor, given the violence they deployed against it. The centralized models of statehood that subsequently established themselves in continental Europe are influenced, at various levels, by the experience of the &#8220;revolutionary&#8221; Republic. This Republic reflects an extension of the administrative centralization processes initiated under Richelieu and Louis XIV&#8212;and thus an extreme development of French absolutism&#8212;far more than it represents a genuinely new beginning.</p><p>The European Union was conceived under the aegis of French administrative centralism, constituting its application and offshoot; it is entirely legitimate that it be contested as both inane and despotic. Let us read Tocqueville&#8212;not only <em>Democracy in America</em>, that admirable essay on the religious foundations of self-governance, but also <em>The Old Regime and the Revolution</em>. There we shall find&#8212;particularly in the introduction, which stands as a veritable hymn (written well in advance of Nietzsche!) to grandsignorial liberty, encompassing pride, magnanimity, contempt for convention, enterprise, and courage, an ideal that a republican ethos ought to have extended to all, but failed to do&#8212;the premises for any critique of French administrative centralism. To Tocqueville, such centralism appeared invariably tyrannical, irrespective of whether it donned a monarchical or republican guise. It is worth recalling, by way of conclusion, <a href="https://open.substack.com/pub/micheledantini/p/per-uneuropa-post-liberale-manifesto?r=4jx1q&amp;utm_campaign=post-expanded-share&amp;utm_medium=web">Mario Draghi&#8217;s recent invocation of a European &#8220;pride&#8221; that must be recovered</a>. This reference faintly echoes, across the decades, the more &#8220;conservative&#8221; Tocqueville; yet it falls on deaf ears when situated within the amnesic (and inherently Francophone) secular-liberal framework of the Treaty of Lisbon.</p><p></p><p><em>This article was originally published in the daily newspaper </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> on June 6, 2026. It is republished here with emendations.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Thank you for reading <em>Winston</em>, the blog&#8217;s section dedicated to geopolitics. 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Indici/2]]></title><description><![CDATA[Gli "Epstein Files", Peter Thiel sull'Anticristo, Manifesto post-liberale, i destini dell'Europa, Hannah Arendt e la polemica sul Padiglione russo alla Biennale d'arte di Venezia 2026]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/winston-indici2</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/winston-indici2</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2026 05:27:39 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Xw40!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd89e4ab6-d954-401a-85a8-313811269513_708x960.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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Siamo tutti contro l'autocrate del Cremlino. Basta questo per risollevare le sorti delle declinanti democrazie occidentali?]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/chi-ha-paura-del-padiglione-russo</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/chi-ha-paura-del-padiglione-russo</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 18 Mar 2026 06:28:09 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZO8M!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e0f969-76ba-4684-b4bf-8035bbb0a402_1674x940.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZO8M!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e0f969-76ba-4684-b4bf-8035bbb0a402_1674x940.png" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZO8M!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e0f969-76ba-4684-b4bf-8035bbb0a402_1674x940.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZO8M!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e0f969-76ba-4684-b4bf-8035bbb0a402_1674x940.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZO8M!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e0f969-76ba-4684-b4bf-8035bbb0a402_1674x940.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZO8M!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e0f969-76ba-4684-b4bf-8035bbb0a402_1674x940.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>&#127468;&#127463; </strong><em>English Version below</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Getto l&#8217;anima oltre l&#8217;ostacolo e dico subito: mi schiero contro Giuli, a favore di Buttafuoco. La sede decide per me dell&#8217;&#8221;oggetto&#8221;: &#232; il solo criterio, questo, per sviluppare un&#8217;argomentazione concatenato e ragionevole. Vale a dire che, in questo caso, trattandosi di Biennale di Venezia, l&#8217;apertura del Padiglione russo equivale, da parte italiana e occidentale, <em>all&#8217;avvio di una controversia ideologica</em>. Solo questo. Altrove - presso la Corte internazionale penale dell&#8217;Aja, ad esempio - si accerteranno responsabilit&#224; per crimini di guerra russi. A Venezia invece andr&#224; in scena, se la partecipazione russa sar&#224; confermata, un confronto tra &#8220;visioni del mondo&#8221; o ideologie.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sarebbe paradossale, a mio avviso, che le democrazie liberali temessero a tal punto il punto di vista russo, sia pure il punto di vista degli ideologi del Cremlino, da impedire loro di sbarcare in laguna. Abbiamo un&#8217;opinione tanto scarsa dell&#8217;elettorato democratico? Temiamo che il minimo contagio ideologico possa far crollare motivazioni gi&#224; languenti, e diminuire il sostegno a favore dello Stato di diritto? Se cos&#236; fosse, a maggior ragione dovremmo esporci al confronto, <em>per cos&#236; dire senza piet&#224; per noi stessi</em>: sarebbe infatti evidente che le nostre democrazie, ormai vuoti simulacri, sono disertate dal consenso e non cadono a pezzi solo perch&#233; tenute assieme da un&#8217;odiosa censura.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Non &#232; in questione, pare, lo Stato di diritto. Ma il diritto o meno alla continuit&#224; culturale, l&#8217;ammissibilit&#224; o meno di politiche estremistiche in ambiti di immigrazione e gender, le politiche della sicurezza, la rappresentanza delle classi medie. Sono queste le sfide che i nuovi &#8220;slavofili&#8221; lanciano alle democrazie occidentali in nome dell&#8217;eurasiatismo. Siamo tenuti a rifiutare tali sfide? Possiamo ignorarle? O non dobbiamo invece accoglierle, facendo come i judoka - accogliere il colpo avversario per rispondere con forza superiore, come il giunco si flette e poi sferza con nuovo vigore?</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Negare alla Russia il diritto all&#8217;apertura del proprio padiglione equivarrebbe a mio avviso, con buona ipocrisia da parte europea occidentale, a sottrarsi a un auto-esame su questioni politiche fondamentali, che elenco: la trasparenza (o opacit&#224;) del processo di selezione delle elite politiche nazionali e comunitarie (ci convince? non ci convince? ne siamo soddisfatti?); l&#8217;odierna credibilit&#224; dei partiti come mediatori; l&#8217;efficacia (o inefficacia) delle politiche sociali e del lavoro; il rapporto tra culto, sacralit&#224; e diritto; la nascita di societ&#224; post-secolari dall&#8217;esaurimento del progetto illuminista; il rapporto tra Europa e America, oggi servile, o tra Europa e Asia. Etc.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Lasciamo perdere, per un attimo, le stragi di Bu&#269;a o gli omicidi politici: non perch&#233; siamo minimamente disposti a tollerare o, ancor meno, a dimenticare le une e gli altri. Ma perch&#233; la Biennale non &#232; la sede per emettere verdetti attendibili e comminare pene efficaci. A questo servono istruttorie minuziose e tribunali. Soprattutto perch&#233; abbiamo estremamente a cuore le sorti, oggi regressive, della democrazia liberale: sorti che dipendono in larghissima parte proprio dalla seriet&#224; con cui avremo cura di rispondere alle domande di cui sopra, siano esse fatte proprie, legittimamente o meno, con motivazioni pi&#249; o meno strumentali, dagli ideologi del Cremlino. O crediamo che il laicismo, che niente ha a che fare con una laicit&#224; rispettosa delle consuetudini e delle differenze, possa davvero assicurare un futuro politico all&#8217;Europa, alla sua autorevolezza geopolitica?</p><p style="text-align: justify;">C&#8217;&#232; qualcosa di umoristico nell&#8217;intransigenza con cui gli eredi di un Partito, il PCI, che per poco meno di quattro decenni ha avallato le menzogne del Padiglione sovietico in Biennale, invariabilmente proteso a presentare l&#8217;URSS come &#8220;potenza di pace&#8221; e &#8220;paradiso dei lavoratori&#8221;, oggi si scagliano contro un&#8217;autocrazia di segno uguale e contrario, in realt&#224; nata dalla costola staliniana del patriottismo della Grande Guerra. Il PCI neostalinista e br&#233;&#382;neviano, ricordiamolo, che ancora nel 1974, a distanza dunque di oltre due decenni dalla morte di Stalin, <a href="https://www.rivistailmulino.it/a/aleksandr-sol-enicyn-e-la-cultura-italiana">appoggiava senza esitazione, nella persona di Giorgio Napolitano, allora Presidente della Commissione cultura, l&#8217;esilio di Sol&#382;enicyn</a>; e nel 1977 fu oppositore indomito della Biennale del dissenso, tenutasi, sempre a Venezia, per iniziativa di Carlo Ripa di Meana.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sono responsabilit&#224; gravi, queste, il cui peso ricade sugli eredi a meno che non vi sia un&#8217;abiura esplicita e radicale - che non c&#8217;&#232; stata. Torniamo allora all&#8217;umorismo involontario di chi, da sinistra, si straccia oggi le vesti. Breve esercizio di rammemorazione. 1954. Carlo Levi compie un viaggio in URSS da cui trae <em>Il futuro ha un cuore antico</em>, pubblicato da Einaudi. Stalin &#232; appena morto, il duumvirato Malenkov-Chru&#353;&#269;&#1105;v regge l&#8217;Unione Sovietica, molte speranze, da parte comunista, si appuntano proprio su Chru&#353;&#269;&#1105;v, che ha avuto il coraggio di denunciare il &#8220;culto della personalit&#224;&#8221; e, malgrado l&#8217;enorme potere accumulato, sembra mantenere la semplicit&#224; del contadino. La narrazione di Levi si apre sulla grande Esposizione moscovita delle Conquiste dell'Economia Nazionale, dedicata all&#8217;industria (per cui Levi ha minore interesse) e all&#8217;agricoltura, che invece considera con partecipe ammirazione.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">L&#8217;Unione Sovietica si autorappresenta qui, riflessa dallo sguardo del visitatore italiano, attraverso le molteplicit&#224; delle coltivazioni regionali e il successo dell&#8217;agricoltura collettiva, le sue &#8220;mille patrie&#8221;, i costumi multicolori di kolchozyani ucraini e bielorussi, tagiki e azeri. Levi non dubita per un attimo della veridicit&#224; dello spettacolo - non dubita per un attimo di scambiare per contadini festanti quello che &#232; uno dei tanti &#8220;villaggi Potemkin&#8221; allestiti ad hoc per il visitatore occidentale, popolati di giovani &#8220;guardie rosse&#8221;, membri del Komsomol e ufficiali dei servizi segreti. Bene. Questa &#232; solo una delle dabbenaggini o omissioni che costellano il racconto di Levi: ma non &#232; di questo che desidero parlare adesso. Piuttosto osservare che Putin, ex-KGB, conosce bene la tradizione staliniana dei &#8220;villaggi Potemkin&#8221;. E, sia o meno il mandante del Padiglione russo che si annuncia alla Biennale, lo spettacolo che andr&#224; in scena, quale ci &#232; stato descritto in questi giorni, assomiglia molto alla fiera dell&#8217;agricoltura descritta da Levi. Suoni, musica e colori dalla Russia delle &#8220;mille patrie&#8221; - senza alcuna menzione, oggi come nel 1954, del brutale dominio russo-bianco sulle popolazioni russe non europee, della disparit&#224; di trattamento in relazione alla mobilitazione bellica e al reclutamento, ai dislivelli economici e sociali cui il governo moscovita si guarda bene dal porre rimedio.</p><p>Assisteremo quindi, in occasione della Biennale 2026, a una festosa (pre- e anti-politica!) esibizione delle culture regionali russe, europee o asiatiche; cristiane, islamiche o sciamaniche; presentate come concordi nello sforzo, unanimi nell&#8217;entusiasmo. Tale esibizione, se considerata sullo sfondo del conflitto russo-ucraino e della &#8220;carne da cannone&#8221; ivi riversata da parte moscovita, rimuove un&#8217;odiosa discriminazione su base per lo pi&#249; etnica. Possiamo davvero aver paura di questo kitsch patriottico, sfrontatamente mendace, degno del padiglione di un&#8217;Expo? A simili esibizioni abbiamo creduto, traendone ampi vantaggi, nel 1954: vergognosamente. Non possiamo denunciarle nel 2026, in Italia, senza avere prima fatto i conti con decenni di filo-sovietismo &#8220;progressista&#8221;, incurante di GULag, deportazioni e detenzione psichiatrica. Detto ci&#242;: alle domande di cui sopra, formulate o meno da una <em>canaille</em> slavofila per cui proviamo sincero raccapriccio, faremo bene a rispondere, proprio perch&#233; siamo filo-occidentali. Prima che per noi rispondano, distruttivamente, elettorati stremati e demagoghi &#8220;populisti&#8221;.</p><p><em>Questo articolo &#232; stato pubblicato sul quotidiano </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> in data 17.3.2026. Lo ripubblico qui con minime modifiche.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png" width="1456" height="1074" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1074,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:5066157,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/i/191059940?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VtBz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F031beeea-4c59-4b99-8118-882a151a1a0d_1754x1294.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per aver letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e culturali. Iscriviti per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p></p><p>Sei gi&#224; iscritto? Considera allora la possibilit&#224; di fare upgrade per avere un&#8217;esperienza pi&#249; completa del blog.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Fai upgrade&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Fai upgrade</span></a></p><p>Per regalare il blog invece clicca <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-punto-di-vista-europeo-sugli-epstein?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODc5NTE0NDgsImlhdCI6MTc3Mzc4MDM3NiwiZXhwIjoxNzc2MzcyMzc2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.NRdTvOZPmClY3Y2ou8DpbrFkpZojILNfv9MaIsRCgLI&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-punto-di-vista-europeo-sugli-epstein?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODc5NTE0NDgsImlhdCI6MTc3Mzc4MDM3NiwiZXhwIjoxNzc2MzcyMzc2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.NRdTvOZPmClY3Y2ou8DpbrFkpZojILNfv9MaIsRCgLI"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>&#127468;&#127463; The Potemkin Pavilion: Ideology and Memory at the Biennale</strong></p><p>I shall cast caution to the wind and state my position at the outset: I stand against Giuli and in favor of Buttafuoco. For me, the venue itself dictates the nature of the &#8220;object&#8221; in question; this is the sole criterion for developing a cohesive and reasoned argument. Which is to say: in the specific context of the Venice Biennale, the opening of the Russian Pavilion constitutes, for the Italian and Western observer, the initiation of an ideological controversy. Nothing more. Elsewhere&#8212;at the International Criminal Court in The Hague, for instance&#8212;responsibility for Russian war crimes will be adjudicated. In Venice, however, should Russian participation be confirmed, what will be staged is a confrontation between competing &#8220;worldviews&#8221; or ideologies.</p><p>It would be paradoxical, in my view, if liberal democracies feared the Russian perspective&#8212;even that of Kremlin ideologues&#8212;to such a degree as to prevent them from disembarking in the Lagoon. Do we hold the democratic electorate in such low esteem? Do we fear that the slightest ideological contagion might collapse already languishing motivations and erode support for the rule of law? If that were the case, we should expose ourselves to this confrontation all the more urgently, with a &#8220;pitilessness&#8221; directed at ourselves. It would signify that our democracies, now mere hollow simulacra, have been deserted by consensus and are prevented from crumbling only by the exercise of an odious censorship.</p><p>The &#8220;rule of law&#8221; is not, it seems, what is at stake here. Rather, it is the right to cultural continuity, the admissibility of extremist policies regarding immigration and gender, security doctrines, and the representation of the middle classes. These are the challenges the new &#8220;Slavophiles&#8221; hurl at Western democracies in the name of Eurasianism. Are we bound to refuse these challenges? Can we afford to ignore them? Or should we instead welcome them, adopting the posture of the judoka&#8212;absorbing the opponent&#8217;s blow to respond with superior force, or like the reed that bends only to lash back with renewed vigor?</p><p>To deny Russia the right to open its pavilion would, in my view, constitute a piece of Western European hypocrisy&#8212;an evasion of a self-examination on fundamental political questions. These include: the transparency (or opacity) of the selection process for national and EU elites; the contemporary credibility of parties as mediators; the efficacy of social and labor policies; the relationship between cult, sacrality, and law; the emergence of post-secular societies from the exhaustion of the Enlightenment project; and the relationship between Europe and America&#8212;currently a servile one&#8212;or between Europe and Asia.</p><p>Let us set aside, for a moment, the massacres at Bucha or the political assassinations&#8212;not because we are in the least disposed to tolerate or, heaven forbid, forget them, but because the Biennale is not the venue for issuing reliable verdicts or enforcing effective penalties. That is the province of meticulous investigations and tribunals. We must do this precisely because we hold dear the now-regressive fate of liberal democracy&#8212;a fate that depends largely on the seriousness with which we address the aforementioned questions, whether they are co-opted, legitimately or otherwise, by Kremlin ideologues. Or do we truly believe that a militant secularism (laicismo), which has nothing to do with a secularity respectful of custom and difference, can ensure a political future and geopolitical authority for Europe?</p><p>There is something profoundly humorous in the intransigence of the heirs of the PCI (Italian Communist Party). For nearly four decades, they endorsed the falsehoods of the Soviet Pavilion, which invariably sought to present the USSR as a &#8220;power for peace&#8221; and a &#8220;workers&#8217; paradise.&#8221; Today, these same heirs rail against an autocracy of equal and opposite sign&#8212;one that was, in fact, born from the Stalinist rib of Great Patriotic War patriotism. Let us recall that as late as 1974&#8212;two decades after Stalin&#8217;s death&#8212;<a href="https://www.rivistailmulino.it/a/aleksandr-sol-enicyn-e-la-cultura-italiana">the neo-Stalinist and Brezhnevian PCI, through the person of Giorgio Napolitano (then Chairman of the Cultural Commission), unhesitatingly supported the exile of Solzhenitsyn</a>. In 1977, they were the indomitable opponents of the &#8220;Biennale of Dissent,&#8221; held in Venice at the initiative of Carlo Ripa di Meana.</p><p>These are grave responsibilities, the weight of which falls upon the heirs unless there is an explicit and radical abjuration&#8212;which has not occurred. Let us return, then, to the involuntary humor of those on the Left who today rend their garments. A brief exercise in remembrance: 1954. Carlo Levi travels to the USSR, producing <em>Il futuro ha un cuore antico</em> (The Future Has an Ancient Heart), published by Einaudi. Stalin is recently deceased; the Malenkov-Khrushchev duumvirate rules the Soviet Union. Much Communist hope is pinned on Khrushchev, who had the courage to denounce the &#8220;cult of personality&#8221; and who, despite his immense power, seemed to retain the simplicity of a peasant. Levi&#8217;s narrative opens at the great Moscow Exhibition of Achievements of the National Economy (VDNKh), where he views the agricultural displays with sympathetic admiration.</p><p>The Soviet Union represents itself here, reflected through the gaze of the Italian visitor, via a multiplicity of regional crops and the success of collective farming&#8212;its &#8220;thousand fatherlands,&#8221; the multicolored costumes of Ukrainian, Belarusian, Tajik, and Azerbaijani kolkhoz workers. Levi does not doubt for a second the veracity of the spectacle; he does not hesitate to mistake for festive peasants what was in fact one of many &#8220;Potemkin villages&#8221; staged for the Western visitor, populated by Young Pioneers and secret service officers. This is but one of the many follies or omissions peppering Levi&#8217;s account. My point, however, is that Putin&#8212;as ex-KGB&#8212;knows the Stalinist tradition of the &#8220;Potemkin village&#8221; well. Whether or not he is the direct architect of the Russian Pavilion at this Biennale, the spectacle described in recent days closely resembles Levi&#8217;s agricultural fair: sounds, music, and colors from a Russia of &#8220;thousand fatherlands.&#8221; There is no mention, today as in 1954, of the brutal Great Russian dominance over non-European populations, the disparity in war mobilization and recruitment, or the economic chasms that the Moscow government carefully avoids remedying.</p><p>We shall witness, therefore, at the 2026 Biennale, a festive&#8212;pre- and anti-political&#8212;exhibition of Russian regional cultures: Christian, Islamic, or Shamanic, presented as harmonious in effort and unanimous in enthusiasm. Such a display, when viewed against the backdrop of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict and the &#8220;cannon fodder&#8221; supplied by Moscow, elides an odious, largely ethnic discrimination. Can we truly be afraid of this patriotic kitsch, so brazenly mendacious, more suited to an Expo pavilion? We believed in such displays in 1954, to our great advantage and even greater shame. We cannot denounce them in 2026 without first reckoning with decades of &#8220;progressive&#8221; pro-Sovietism that remained indifferent to the Gulag, deportations, and psychiatric imprisonment. Having said that: we would do well to answer the questions posed above&#8212;whether formulated by a Slavophilic <em>canaille</em> for whom we feel sincere revulsion or not&#8212;precisely because we are pro-Western. We must do so before exhausted electorates and &#8220;populist&#8221; demagogues provide their own destructive answers in our stead.</p><p><em>This article originally appeared in </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> on March 17, 2026, and is republished here with additional commentary.</em></p><div><hr></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L723!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3dadd51f-2809-478a-8d8f-94401259b979_1778x1220.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L723!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3dadd51f-2809-478a-8d8f-94401259b979_1778x1220.png 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JwFe!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb670f4cb-8eed-41f0-bf3c-9abf029eca4d_1290x1941.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JwFe!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb670f4cb-8eed-41f0-bf3c-9abf029eca4d_1290x1941.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JwFe!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb670f4cb-8eed-41f0-bf3c-9abf029eca4d_1290x1941.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JwFe!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb670f4cb-8eed-41f0-bf3c-9abf029eca4d_1290x1941.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HN7c!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02c3e25f-0673-4080-9851-e21eb8b87979_1290x1961.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HN7c!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02c3e25f-0673-4080-9851-e21eb8b87979_1290x1961.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HN7c!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02c3e25f-0673-4080-9851-e21eb8b87979_1290x1961.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HN7c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02c3e25f-0673-4080-9851-e21eb8b87979_1290x1961.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div 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Subscribe to receive future articles and support my work.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Subscribe</span></a></p><p>Are you already a subscriber? I am delighted to have you with us. You might now consider upgrading your membership to unlock a more comprehensive experience of this project and its full archives.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Upgrade Now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Upgrade Now</span></a></p><p>Alternatively, you may gift a subscription to a colleague or friend by clicking <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">here</a>!</p><p>Should you wish to share this content with your network, you may do so via the button below.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/carla-lonzi-scrittrice?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/carla-lonzi-scrittrice?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><div><hr></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Un punto di vista europeo sugli "Epstein files": arte contemporanea, musei, charity etc. / 🇮🇹 🇬🇧]]></title><description><![CDATA[L&#8217;obbligo di cinismo, l&#8217;abuso spacciato come gioco, la necessit&#224; di menzogna, in cui si riflette una desolante povert&#224; culturale e morale. Epstein non &#232; l&#8217;America. Ovvio. Tuttavia]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-punto-di-vista-europeo-sugli-epstein</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-punto-di-vista-europeo-sugli-epstein</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 15 Feb 2026 08:20:15 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg" width="1456" height="1528" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bskn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F088f28b1-2e09-45e0-a092-273ccb39aefd_2303x2417.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#127468;&#127463; English Version below</p><div><hr></div><p>Gli &#8220;Epstein files&#8221; vengono desecretando il fitto intreccio esistente, negli Stati Uniti, tra &#8220;filantropia&#8221; e <em>reputation washing</em>. Forse sarebbe eccessivo considerare tale intreccio &#8220;sistemico&#8221;: tuttavia anche passarlo sotto silenzio, o considerarlo semplicemente contingente, sembra troppo facile. Veniamo pure, per semplificare l&#8217;analisi, all&#8217;ambito culturale, inteso in senso ampio. La reputazione di taluni artisti, collezionisti, musei, critici d&#8217;arte e infine accademici esce macchiata da scambi di favori, richieste di finanziamento, protezioni chieste e accordate e infine rapporti continuativi e organici con Epstein.</p><p>WHO&#8217;S WHO. Facciamo il caso di <strong>Leon Black</strong>, cofondatore (nel 1990) del fondo di investimento Apollo Global Management; collezionista d&#8217;arte (in suo possesso opere di Raffaello, Michelangelo, C&#233;zanne, Van Gogh, Picasso, Pollock); trustee del Lincoln Center for the Performing Art, di Asia Society e Jewish Museum; proprietario della casa editrice Phaidon, specializzata in libri d&#8217;arte; e soprattutto presidente del <strong>Museum of Modern Art</strong> dal 2018 al 2021. Malgrado Black abbia affermato di avere avuto rapporti solo esteriori e limitati con Epstein, questi &#232; da lui nominato trustee della Leo and Debra Black Foundation nel 1997. Tra 2012 e 2017 Epstein ha ricevuto 158 milioni di dollari da Black, cifra decisamente cospicua per quelli che Black descrive come &#8220;servizi resi in tema di investimenti immobiliari, fisco e filantropia&#8221;. Le accuse di stupro rivolte a Black sono state archiviate, ma il punto non &#232; giudiziario.</p><p>Erede della Est&#233;e Lauder, fondatore, a New York, della <em>Neue Galerie</em>, dedicata all&#8217;arte austriaca e tedesca del primo Novecento, trustee del MoMA e del <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Monuments_Fund">World Monuments Fund</a>, <strong>Ronald Lauder</strong> &#232; tra i maggiori collezionisti al mondo di arte antica e contemporanea. Talvolta associato a Black in occasione dell&#8217;aggiudicazione in asta di costose opere d&#8217;arte, Lauder figura tra i donatori del Metropolitan Museum, cui ha assicurato una parte cospicua della sua collezione di armi e armature antiche, e vanta il pi&#249; rilevante nucleo di opere di Schiele in collezione privata esistente oggi al mondo. I suoi rapporti con Epstein, variamente attestati da mail e annotazioni in agenda, risalgono a date anche di molto posteriori alla condanna di Epstein per favoreggiamento della prostituzione minorile. Colpisce che un fine intenditore d&#8217;arte come Lauder si rivolga in pi&#249; occasioni a Epstein per averne consigli in ambito artistico, e non solo fiscale.</p><p>Gi&#224; CEO di Victoria&#8217;s Secret, <strong>Leslie Wexner</strong> &#232; oggi un facoltoso filantropo culturale e fondatore del Wexner Center for the Arts all&#8217;Universit&#224; dell&#8217;Ohio. Wewxner ha lamentato che Epstein ha sottratto a lui e alla sua famiglia grandi somme di denaro, e protestato che il suo rapporto con Epstein, avviato nel 1989, verteva esclusivamente attorno a questioni fiscali (Wexner ha poi preso pubbblicamente le distanze da Epstein nel 2007). Tuttavia <strong>Virginia Giuffre</strong>, presunta vittima di Epstein, ha affermato di avere fatto sesso pi&#249; volte con Wexner, che tuttavia non &#232; mai stato imputato. Un documento del FBI, desecretato di recente, descrive tuttavia Wexner come &#8220;co-cospiratore&#8221;, e restituisce attualit&#224; alla testimonianza di quanti, in Victoria&#8217;s Secret, denunciavano il ruolo opaco e invasivo assunto nel corso del tempo da Epstein stesso.</p><p>La domanda &#232;: acquisito il sottotesto sadico e razzista di Epstein, si deve assumere che proprio tale sottotesto abbia contribuito in decenni recenti a modellare reputazioni artistiche contemporanee sulla base di capricci, preferenze, dispettosit&#224; e pregiudizi di una cerchia composta in non piccola parte da parvenus provvisti di irresponsabili ricchezze? O pi&#249; banalmente: che a modellare tali reputazioni sia non di rado una<br>sorta di futile, spregevole &#8220;snobismo di massa&#8221;?</p><p>Il caso di <strong>Andres Serrano</strong>, autore del meno che mediocre <em>Piss Christ</em> (1987), legato a Black e a Leah Kleman, &#8220;art advisor&#8221; in cerca di scandaletti e prurigini blasfeme, &#232; un esempio flagrante di manipolazione del mercato dell&#8217;arte contemporanea: innalzamento a ranghi inattesi di un talento ordinario, disposto per&#242; al gioco della profanazione.</p><p>IL PROBLEMA DEL CONSENSO. Potremmo derubricare la circostanza e stabilire che &#232; questione di poche &#8220;mele marce&#8221;, Epstein, appunto, Maxwell e qualcun altro, di cui non vale la pena trattare. In parte &#232; senz&#8217;altro cos&#236;, <em>quanto a responsabilit&#224; giudiziarie</em>. Ma (torno a Black, preso qui come <em>case study</em>) trovarsi a dirigere, perch&#233; eletti, il board del pi&#249; illustre museo di arte contemporanea al mondo non &#232; questione solo di casellario giudiziario: sembra obbligare al possesso di requisiti culturali eminenti e competenze specifiche, una &#8220;visione&#8221; relativa a ci&#242; che &#232; &#8220;Occidente&#8221; oggi, una vasta conoscenza della storia politica del Novecento, un &#8220;senso della realt&#224;&#8221; (cito Isaiah Berlin) acuito da riflessione e esperienza. Niente che il denaro possa surrogare. Black era un candidato plausibile, nel 2018? O invece la sua elezione prova che una sedicente elite politico-economica e finanziaria, autoinvestitasi di compiti anche di <em>gatekeeping</em> artistico-culturale, non &#232; in grado di sanzionare moralmente i propri membri, cui anzi conferma il proprio consenso, n&#233; di considerare in termini di responsabilit&#224; il privilegio? Epstein &#232; condannato una prima volta per traffico di minori nel 2008. Nell&#8217;occasione si dichiara colpevole e sconta tredici mesi di carcere per avere procurato ragazze e ragazzi minorenni a politici della Florida. Non ci sono dubbi quanto alle sue responsabilit&#224; penali. E&#8217; quest&#8217;uomo, vale la pena notarlo, che Black, se stiamo ai documenti, conferma nel ruolo di trustee della propria fondazione sino al 2012. Sempre a lui affida la cura del proprio immenso patrimonio sino al 2018.</p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per aver letto <em>The Bride</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata all&#8217;arte contemporanea. Iscriviti per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-punto-di-vista-europeo-sugli-epstein?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-punto-di-vista-europeo-sugli-epstein?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p>&#8220;Dobbiamo ricordare&#8221;, osserva Hrag Vartanian su <em>Hyperallargic</em>, &#8220;che dietro a un direttore o presidente di museo esiste un consiglio di amministrazione che influenza in profondit&#224; ogni decisione, e talvolta designa o crea i leader, o le figure che svolgono ruoli di testimonial istituzionali e &#8216;sistemici&#8217;. C&#8217;&#232; allora da stupirsi se artisti, curatori, mercanti e altri oggi non sono in grado di cogliere la differenza tra lavorare per dittatori o lavorare per istituzioni di societ&#224; democratiche?&#8221; L&#8217;indignazione di Vartanian pu&#242; sembrare ingenua, perch&#233; tende a generalizzare. D&#8217;altra parte &#232; sufficiente leggere i resoconti dei party che Epstein teneva nell&#8217;isola di Little Saint James, o magari a Saint Barts, gremiti di &#8220;persone meravigliose&#8221; (nelle parole di una cronista mondana del tempo) &#8220;che correvano, prendevano il sole, facevano surf, andavano in barca e reprimevano la &#8216;pressione da party&#8217;. Uno spettacolo intimidatorio da vedere: [tutti] gli Oscar, Cannes, Oscar, Venezia, gli Hamptons, St. Tropez e il Qatar riuniti in uno&#8221;, per temere che una cerchia a tal punto autocompiaciuta e dimentica non possa che corrompere ci&#242; che avvicina.</p><p>IL FILANTROPO. Amico di <strong>Schnabel</strong>, pittore e regista, di <strong>Koons</strong> e altri artisti newyorkesi, con cui si incontra a cena o a questa o quella soir&#233;e malgrado una fama ormai sinistra lo accompagni da lungo tempo - lo provano i commenti del pittore <strong>Eric Fischl</strong>, datati 1996, relativi al presunto stupro, da parte di Epstein, di una studentessa della <strong>New York Academy of Art</strong> e della sorella minorenne -, Epstein ha rapporti non occasionali con il <strong>San Francisco Museum of Modern Art</strong> (SFMoMA), cui dona opere o per cui finanzia l&#8217;acquisizione di opere (il nome di <strong>David Ross</strong>, direttore del SFMoMA, compare molte volte nella corrispondenza di Epstein: ancora nel 2015, Ross scrive a Epstein che &#8220;&#232; deprimente vederti trascinato di nuovo nel fango. Sono orgoglioso di proclamarmi tuo amico&#8221;).</p><p>Non faccio i nomi degli artisti beneficiati dal sostegno di Epstein al SFMoMA perch&#233; verosimilmente non direbbero nulla al lettore italiano. Ma davvero non si trova alcunch&#233;, nelle preferenze di Epstein, che indichi un particolare &#8220;gusto&#8221; o conoscenza dell&#8217;arte contemporanea, se non l&#8217;interesse grossolano per qualcosa che desti a tutta prima un grande e stupido &#8220;Wow!&#8221;; o peggio. Come considerare degni di nota, sia pure negativa o pessima, artisti-Carneade come Petrina Ran-Kleids, autrice di un malizioso ritratto di <strong>Bill Clinton</strong> in tacchi a spillo rossi e decolt&#233; di cui Epstein va particolarmente fiero, al punto di volerlo esposto bene in vista nella sua casa newyorkese; o del graveolente pittore cubano Jorge Alvarez, che in <em>Cerimonia di maturit&#224;</em> (1995) presenta un bambino dal pene eretto su uno sfondo egizio-pompeiano?</p><p>E&#8217; davvero singolare che simili opere, tanto dozzinali sotto profili puramente artistico-estetici quanto riprovevoli da punti di vista morali, ben note ai frequentatori di Epstein, abbiano goduto della pi&#249; ampia licenza: decenni di retoriche &#8220;inclusiviste&#8221;, da parte <em>liberal</em>, e una tale callosa insensibilit&#224; per i diritti dell&#8217;infanzia! Sappiamo che Epstein aveva commissionato per s&#233; una costosa copia del <em><strong>Massacro degli innocenti</strong></em><strong> </strong>di Cornelis Cornelisz van Haarlem, 1591, di propriet&#224; del Mauritshuis (lo trovi in copertina): circostanza che desta inquietudine se riferita a chi, come Epstein, ammette di trovare &#8220;gradevoli&#8221; i video di torture che gli sono inviati.</p><p>EUROPA, EUROPA. Nella cerchia di amici di Epstein troviamo <strong>Jack Lang</strong>, plenipotenziario culturale dello Stato francese al tempo della presidenza Mitterrand, animatore dei fasti culturali della R&#233;publique, nemico di ogni fedelt&#224; consolidata, di ogni <em>vieille douce France</em>. Proprio in questi giorni ho ripreso in mano il mirabile <em>j&#8217;accuse</em> di <strong>Marc Fumaroli</strong>, che risponde al titolo di <em>L&#8217;&#233;tat culturel</em>, 1991. Fumaroli vi polemizza aspramente contro Lang. Lo studioso corso, &#232; ovvio, non poteva sapere dell&#8217;amicizia tra l&#8217;uomo politico e Epstein. Tuttavia la sua elegante denuncia del nihilismo e della &#8220;volont&#224; di potenza&#8221; dell&#8217;elite politica francese e della sua proterva via all&#8217;&#8221;americanizzazione&#8221; suona persino pi&#249; perspicace oggi, alla luce di quanto scopriamo.</p><p>Mi si conceda, adesso, un intermezzo &#8220;americanista&#8221; italiano: vorrei considerare, sia pur brevemente, quanti, da decenni, in Italia appunto, non hanno smesso di propagandare l&#8217;arte americana, o per meglio dire la subalternit&#224; dell&#8217;arte italiana all&#8217;arte americana, tacendo o ignorando qualsiasi argomento in senso contrario, rimuovendo la storia e la memoria. Potremmo partire dagli anni Sessanta, quando, malgrado ambiziosi propositi di <em>guerrilla</em>, orientarsi in base ai mutevoli OdG della scena artistica newyorkese o affiliarsi a gallerie americane diviene via regia per procurarsi fama e denaro in breve tempo. Ma preferisco limitarmi ai decenni recenti. Il discorso artistico contemporaneo si &#232; fatto ossessivamente pro-Stati Uniti, in Italia, negli anni Novanta, e tale &#232; rimasto. </p><p>Nella prefazione al catalogo di una mostra recente, tenutasi in ambito pubblico a Milano, un curatore tra i pi&#249; in auge esortava gli artisti italiani a dimenticare la propria eredit&#224; e &#8220;farsi pi&#249; internazionali&#8221;: un&#8217;affermazione che rinvia a una stagione &#8220;milano-centrica&#8221; e neo-concettuale dell&#8217;arte italiana a cavallo di millennio, precocemente declinata. Oggi, anche a seguito della pubblicazione degli &#8220;Epstein files&#8221; - parlo qui ovviamente da punti di vista squisitamente geopolitico-culturali, che non hanno alcun rapporto diretto con le vicende giudiziarie di cui sopra -, decifriamo meglio l&#8217;&#8221;internazionalit&#224;&#8221; o &#8220;americanismo&#8221; di cui ci si &#232; fatti interpreti in Italia: nel senso che cogliamo, di questa &#8220;internazionalit&#224;&#8221; nutrita di convinzioni di primato, le premesse di sopraffazione e violenza, in alternativa di arroganza, intrigo e spacconeria, e ci affrettiamo a rigettarle. Aggiungiamo provincialismo: non risulta che i &#8220;ricchi e famosi&#8221; si siano mai interessati, quanto a arte contemporanea, di alcunch&#233; che non fosse americano e, se possibile, East Coast. D&#8217;altra parte chiese, fori e musei italiani sono presi d&#8217;assalto da folle eterogenee, che provengono dai cinque continenti: giorno dopo giorno. Nessun visitatore straniero, neppure il pi&#249; illetterato, si sogna di chiedere a Tiepolo, Annibale Carracci o Michelangelo, o sia pure al facondo Solimena, di &#8220;farsi pi&#249; internazionali&#8221;, secondo le brillanti indicazioni pro-export del curatore italiano.</p><p>L&#8217;obbligo di humour, il cinismo conformista, l&#8217;abuso spacciato e imposto come &#8220;gioco&#8221;: tutto, nei pressi di Epstein, appare di seconda o terza mano. Epstein non &#232; l&#8217;America. Ovvio. Tuttavia una parte incresciosamente prospera e ben rappresentata dell&#8217;<em>upper class</em> statunitense, nei suoi diversi settori, ha mostrato grande benevolenza nei suoi confronti. Di questa America, che non lesina lezioni di &#8220;charity&#8221; al resto del mondo, il resto del mondo non ha alcun bisogno - non ne ha negli ambiti dell&#8217;arte o del <em>patronage</em>, non dal punto di vista dei modelli di cosmopolitismo o "di &#8220;inclusione&#8221;-. Proviamo ricordarlo, <a href="https://open.substack.com/pub/micheledantini/p/per-uneuropa-post-liberale-manifesto?r=4jx1q&amp;utm_medium=ios">nel discutere di destini europei</a>.</p><p></p><p><em>Questo articolo &#232; stato pubbblicato sul quotidiano </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> in data 14.2.2026. Lo ripubblico qui con integrazioni.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg" width="800" height="800" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:800,&quot;width&quot;:800,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:124745,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/i/187951448?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qXNN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f30b333-bc56-42b4-8f61-8cf0aacf72a9_800x800.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div><hr></div><p>Ti &#232; piaciuto quello che hai letto? Questo post ti ha spinto a ampliare le tue conoscenze, o pi&#249; semplicemente acceso la tua curiosit&#224;? Bene. Puoi iscriverti: &#232; il modo per ricevere i prossimi articoli e sostenere la mia ricerca.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Sei gi&#224; iscritto? Considera allora la possibilit&#224; di fare upgrade per avere un&#8217;esperienza pi&#249; completa del blog.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Fai upgrade&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Fai upgrade</span></a></p><p>Per regalare il blog invece clicca <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/per-uneuropa-post-liberale-manifesto?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODY5OTY5NzgsImlhdCI6MTc3MDY0NjI0OSwiZXhwIjoxNzczMjM4MjQ5LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.elvq36oh-_QBk37VBS0PKWrmYPBfrza2QDnu5Q3weTQ&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/per-uneuropa-post-liberale-manifesto?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODY5OTY5NzgsImlhdCI6MTc3MDY0NjI0OSwiZXhwIjoxNzczMjM4MjQ5LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.elvq36oh-_QBk37VBS0PKWrmYPBfrza2QDnu5Q3weTQ"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>&#127468;&#127463; The Epstein Disclosures through a European Lens: Institutional Integrity, Contemporar Art and the Mechanics of Charity</strong></p><p>The ongoing declassification of the &#8220;Epstein files&#8221; is gradually exposing the dense, murky entanglement in the United States between &#8220;philanthropy&#8221; and reputational laundering. To characterize this nexus as &#8220;systemic&#8221; might border on the hyperbolic; yet, to pass over it in silence, or to dismiss it as merely a series of unfortunate contingencies, strikes one as an exercise in willful naivety. If we narrow our lens to the cultural sphere&#8212;broadly defined&#8212;the vista is unsettling. The reputations of certain artists, collectors, museums, critics, and academics now emerge tarnished by a sordid economy of quid pro quo: requests for funding, the solicitation and granting of protection, and, ultimately, sustained, organic affiliations with Jeffrey Epstein.</p><p>Consider the case of <strong>Leon Black</strong>. A co-founder of the private equity behemoth Apollo Global Management, Black is a collector whose holdings encompass the likes of Raphael, Michelangelo, C&#233;zanne, Van Gogh, Picasso, and Pollock; a client of the Gagosian Gallery&#8212;whose namesake, Larry Gagosian, arguably the most formidable dealer in the world today, appears no fewer than 114 times within the Epstein files; a trustee of Lincoln Center, the Asia Society, and the Jewish Museum; the owner of the venerable art publisher Phaidon; and, most crucially, the chairman of the <strong>Museum of Modern Art </strong>(MoMA) from 2018 to 2021. Despite Black&#8217;s protestations that his dealings with Epstein were merely peripheral, the record suggests otherwise. In 1997, Black appointed Epstein as a trustee of the Leo and Debra Black Foundation. Between 2012 and 2017, Epstein received a staggering $158 million from Black&#8212;a sum ostensibly paid for &#8220;services&#8221; regarding estate planning, tax strategy, and philanthropy. While the rape allegations brought against Black were eventually dismissed, the crux of the issue is not merely judicial; it is institutional.</p><p>Then there is <strong>Ronald Lauder</strong>, the Est&#233;e Lauder heir and founder of New York&#8217;s Neue Galerie. A trustee of MoMA and the World Monuments Fund, Lauder is among the world&#8217;s preeminent collectors of both Old Masters and Modernism. Often seen bidding alongside Black at auction, Lauder is a major benefactor of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, to which he pledged his formidable collection of arms and armor. His ties to Epstein, documented in emails and appointment books, persisted well after Epstein&#8217;s 2008 conviction for procuring minors for prostitution. It is striking that a connoisseur of Lauder&#8217;s standing would repeatedly turn to Epstein for advice&#8212;not only on fiscal matters, but on art itself.</p><p><strong>Leslie Wexner</strong>, the former CEO of Victoria&#8217;s Secret and founder of the Wexner Center for the Arts at Ohio State University, represents another facet of this patronage. Wexner has since lamented that Epstein defrauded his family of vast sums, insisting their relationship, begun in 1989, was strictly financial (he publicly severed ties in 2007). However, Virginia Giuffre, one of Epstein&#8217;s primary accusers, alleged she was directed to have sexual encounters with Wexner&#8212;an allegation that never resulted in charges. Nevertheless, a recently unsealed FBI document identifies Wexner as a &#8220;co-conspirator,&#8221; lending new weight to the testimonies of Victoria&#8217;s Secret employees who long complained of Epstein&#8217;s opaque and invasive influence within the company.</p><p>The question then arises: given the established Epstein&#8217;s sadistic and racist &#8220;subtext&#8221;, must we conclude that this very ethos has, in recent decades, actively shaped contemporary artistic reputations? Is the canon now being forged by the whims, idiosyncratic preferences, and petty animosities of a cohort largely comprised of <em>parvenus</em> endowed with reckless wealth? Or, more banally, are these reputations frequently the product of a futile, contemptible species of 'mass snobbery'?</p><p>The case of <strong>Andres Serrano</strong>, creator of the mediocre <em>Piss Christ</em> (1987), is illustrative. His links to Black and the art advisor Leah Kleman&#8212;a figure seemingly in constant pursuit of &#8220;transgressive&#8221; artworks&#8212;offer a flagrant example of market manipulation. It is the elevation of an unremarkable talent to the highest echelons, predicated solely on a willingness to engage in the theater of profanation.</p><p>One might attempt to dismiss these instances as the work of a few &#8220;bad apples.&#8221; On a strictly <em>legal</em> basis, that may be true. But to lead the board of the world&#8217;s most prestigious museum of modern art is not merely a matter of a clean criminal record. It ought to require eminent cultural credentials, a &#8220;vision&#8221; of what the West represents today, and what Isaiah Berlin called a &#8220;sense of reality&#8221;&#8212;a discernment sharpened by reflection and experience. These are qualities that capital cannot surrogate. Was Black ever a plausible candidate for the MoMA chairmanship in 2018? Or does his election prove that our self-anointed politico-economic elite is incapable of morally sanctioning its own members or viewing privilege through the lens of responsibility? Epstein was first convicted in 2008. He served thirteen months. It was after this that Black confirmed Epstein as a trustee of his foundation and continued to entrust him with his fortune until 2018.</p><div><hr></div><p>Thank you for reading <em>The Bride</em>, the blog&#8217;s dedicated section for contemporary art. Subscribe to receive future articles and support my work.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Subscribe</span></a></p><p>Should you wish to share this content with your network, you may do so via the button below.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/carla-lonzi-scrittrice?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/carla-lonzi-scrittrice?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p>&#8220;We must remember,&#8221; Hrag Vartanian observed in <em>Hyperallergic</em>, &#8220;that behind every museum director or president sits a board that profoundly influences every decision.&#8221; Is it any wonder, then, that artists, curators, and dealers now struggle to distinguish between working for a dictator and working for the institutions of a democratic society? If Vartanian&#8217;s indignation seems broad, one need only read the accounts of Epstein&#8217;s parties on Little Saint James or St. Barts. These gatherings were packed with the &#8220;beautiful people&#8221; of the era&#8212;an intimidating spectacle of Oscar winners, Cannes regulars, and the Hamptons elite. Such a self-satisfied circle cannot help but corrupt everything it touches.</p><p>Epstein&#8217;s reach extended even to the <strong>San Francisco Museum of Modern Art </strong>(SFMoMA). Despite the sinister rumors circulating as early as 1996&#8212;when painter Eric Fischl noted allegations regarding Epstein&#8217;s conduct at the New York Academy of Art&#8212;the museum accepted his donations. <strong>David Ross</strong>, then director of SFMoMA, appears frequently in Epstein&#8217;s correspondence; as late as 2015, Ross wrote to Epstein, lamenting that it was &#8220;depressing to see you dragged through the mud again&#8221; and declaring himself &#8220;proud to be your friend.&#8221;</p><p>The specific artists benefited by Epstein at SFMoMA might mean little to an international audience, but Epstein&#8217;s personal &#8220;taste&#8221; is revealing. He lacked any sophisticated understanding of contemporary art, favoring instead a coarse, &#8220;shock-value&#8221; aesthetic. He took immense pride in a portrait of <strong>Bill Clinton</strong> in red heels and a blue dress by Petrina Ryan-Kleid, and patronized the Cuban painter Jorge Alvarez, whose work Cerimonia di maturit&#224; (1995) features a child in a state of arousal.</p><p>There is a singular irony in the fact that such works&#8212;aesthetically dross and morally repellent&#8212;flourished within a liberal milieu that otherwise preaches &#8220;inclusivity&#8221; and the protection of rights. The cognitive dissonance is staggering: a circle that pays lip service to social progress while its central figure commissions a copy of <strong>Cornelis van Haarlem</strong>&#8217;s <em>Massacre of the Innocents</em> and admits to finding videos of torture &#8220;pleasant.&#8221;</p><p>Returning to Epstein&#8217;s circle, we find <strong>Jack Lang</strong>, the architect of French cultural policy under Mitterrand. Lang, the enemy of the vieille douce France, was a regular in these circles. Rereading <strong>Marc Fumaroli</strong>&#8217;s 1991 j&#8217;accuse, <em>L&#8217;&#233;tat culturel</em>, one finds a scathing critique of Lang&#8217;s nihilism and his drive toward &#8220;Americanization.&#8221; Fumaroli could not have known then of the Epstein connection, yet his diagnosis of the French elite&#8217;s &#8220;will to power&#8221; seems even more prophetic today.</p><p>Allow me, if you will, a brief Italian &#8220;Americanist&#8221; excursion. I should like to consider, however fleetingly, those figures within Italy who for decades have tirelessly championed American art&#8212;or, more accurately, have insisted upon the subalternity of Italian art to its American counterpart. In doing so, they have glossed over or willfully ignored any counter-argument, effectively eliding both history and memory.</p><p>One might look back to the 1960s, a period when, despite grandiose gestures of guerrilla defiance, calibrating one&#8217;s compass to the shifting agendas of the New York scene or seeking affiliation with American galleries became the via regia to swift renown and pecuniary gain. Yet I prefer to restrict my focus to more recent decades. Since the 1990s, contemporary artistic discourse in Italy has taken an obsessively pro-American turn&#8212;a posture it has maintained with dogmatic persistence.</p><p>In the preface to a recent public exhibition catalogue in Milan, one of today&#8217;s most fashionable curators exhorted Italian artists to discard their heritage and &#8220;become more international.&#8221; Today, particularly in the wake of the &#8220;Epstein files&#8221;&#8212;and I speak here from a strictly geopolitical-cultural perspective, divorced from the specificities of the legal proceedings&#8212;we are better equipped to decipher the brand of &#8220;internationalism&#8221; or &#8220;Americanism&#8221; championed by these interpreters. We recognize in this internationalism, nourished as it is by a sense of primacy, a broader foundation of coercion and violence&#8212;or, at the very least, of arrogance, intrigue, and bluster&#8212;and we are quick to reject it.</p><p>To this, we must add a certain provincialism: it does not appear that the &#8220;rich and famous&#8221; have ever concerned themselves with any contemporary art that was not American and, preferably, hailing from the East Coast. Meanwhile, Italian churches and museums are daily besieged by heterogeneous crowds from across the globe. No foreign visitor, however unlettered, would dream of asking Tiepolo, Annibale Carracci, Michelangelo, or even the voluble Solimena to &#8220;become more international,&#8221; as per the curator&#8217;s export-friendly mandates.</p><p>The mandatory humor, the conformist cynicism, the abuse masquerading as a &#8220;game&#8221;&#8212;everything in Epstein&#8217;s orbit feels third-hand. Epstein is not America. However, a distressingly prosperous and influential wing of the American upper class showed him great benevolence. Of this America&#8212;the one that often lectures the rest of the world on &#8220;charity&#8221; and <em>open-mindedness</em>&#8212;the rest of the world has no need neither in the realms of art or patronage, nor with reference to this or that model of cosmopolitanism and &#8216;inclusion&#8217;. We would do well to remember this as we contemplate the future of the European project.</p><p></p><p><em>This article originally appeared in </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> on February 14, 2026, and is republished here with additional commentary.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Thank you for reading <em>The Bride</em>, the blog&#8217;s dedicated section for contemporary art. 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Per un'Europa post-liberale. Manifesto minimo / 🇮🇹 🇬🇧]]></title><description><![CDATA[Cosa non mi &#232; piaciuto del discorso di Draghi a Lovanio: vaghezza e pretenziosit&#224; del termine "orgoglio". E poi una mia conclusiva resa dei conti con il liberalismo settecentesco]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/per-uneuropa-post-liberale-manifesto</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/per-uneuropa-post-liberale-manifesto</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 07 Feb 2026 08:20:56 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ucnB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1c8c93-aa9a-4c88-b5c3-6f3959c98e5e_857x2000.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ucnB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1c8c93-aa9a-4c88-b5c3-6f3959c98e5e_857x2000.jpeg" 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ucnB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1c8c93-aa9a-4c88-b5c3-6f3959c98e5e_857x2000.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ucnB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1c8c93-aa9a-4c88-b5c3-6f3959c98e5e_857x2000.jpeg" width="857" height="2000" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ucnB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1c8c93-aa9a-4c88-b5c3-6f3959c98e5e_857x2000.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ucnB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1c8c93-aa9a-4c88-b5c3-6f3959c98e5e_857x2000.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ucnB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1c8c93-aa9a-4c88-b5c3-6f3959c98e5e_857x2000.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ucnB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1c8c93-aa9a-4c88-b5c3-6f3959c98e5e_857x2000.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>&#127468;&#127463; </strong><em>English version below</em></p><div><hr></div><blockquote><p><em>Noi non abbiamo il diritto di adulare la democrazia, proprio perch&#233; le siamo amici e alleati. Non abbiamo il diritto di rimanere in silenzio di fronte ai pericoli a cui la democrazia espone s&#233; stessa, debilitando e travolgendo tutto ci&#242; che spinge gli uomini verso l&#8217;alto. Non possiamo dimenticare che, mentre d&#224; a tutti la libert&#224;, la democrazia la conferisce anche a chi si preoccupa di tenere l&#8217;umanit&#224; rivolta verso il basso.</em></p><p>Leo Strauss, <em>Educazione liberale e responsabilit&#224;</em>, 1962</p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><p>Antico<em>, in realt&#224;, non significa d&#8217;altri tempi, ma </em>di sempre<em>.</em></p><p>Marc Fumaroli, <em>Lo stato culturale</em>, 1991</p></blockquote><p></p><p>Nel discorso tenuto all&#8217;Universit&#224; Cattolica di Lovanio, Draghi &#232; tornato sulle sfide che attendono l&#8217;Europa (<a href="https://www.ilfoglio.it/esteri/2026/02/02/news/mario-draghi-l-ordine-globale-e-defunto-ma-la-vera-minaccia-e-cio-che-lo-sostituisce--8604784/">qui</a> il testo integrale del discorso). &#8220;Subordinati, divisi, deindustrializzati&#8221;: questo il destino, se l&#8217;Unione non diventa &#8220;federazione&#8221; e avvia una politica economica, estera e di difesa comune. Difficile contestare a Draghi perspicacia e precisione. Difficile d&#8217;altra parte negare che nei suoi periodici appelli a sostegno di un rinnovato impegno europeista si sconta una<strong> fragilit&#224; storico-ideologica</strong> che potremmo ritenere intrinseca alle elite &#8220;tecnocratiche&#8221; o liberali europee. Gremiti di considerazioni tecniche, modellati da garbo istituzionale, tali appelli non &#8220;sfondano&#8221; su piani simbolici e motivazionali.</p><p>Proprio il discorso di Lovanio, tuttavia, costituisce in tal senso un&#8217;apprezzabile eccezione: il riferimento conclusivo all&#8217;&#8221;orgoglio&#8221; travalica infatti i consueti orizzonti politico-economici della riflessione di Draghi. La sede del discorso, appunto l&#8217;Universit&#224; Cattolica di Lovanio, istituita nel 1835 sul precedente di un&#8217;antica universit&#224; di tradizione umanistico-religiosa soppressa nel 1792 dall&#8217;amministrazione militare napoleonica, pare essa stessa segnaletica. L&#8217;&#8221;orgoglio&#8221; europeo si sostanzia qui non della sola eredit&#224; politico-culturale recente, secolare e <em>stricto sensu</em> liberale; bens&#236; di un<strong>&#8217;eredit&#224; </strong><em><strong>longue dur&#233;e</strong></em>, prioritariamente etico-metafisica, che rimanda alle tradizioni fondative della cultura continentale, greco-romana e giudaico-cristiana. &#8220;La minaccia da sola non baster&#224; a sostenerci. Ci&#242; che &#232; iniziato nella paura deve continuare nella speranza&#8221;, cos&#236; Draghi. &#8220;Agendo insieme, riscopriremo qualcosa che &#232; rimasto a lungo sopito: il nostro orgoglio, la nostra fiducia in noi stessi, la nostra fede nel nostro futuro&#8221;. Cogliamo qui, nelle parole dell&#8217;ex politico e banchiere italiano, la delusione per ci&#242; che l&#8217;Unione europea &#232; attualmente: &#8220;sopita&#8221;, &#8220;sprovvista di &#8220;orgoglio&#8221;, immemore e incapace di resipiscenza. Si pu&#242; dargli torto?</p><p>Ci&#242; che chiamiamo Occidente sono oggi gli Stati Uniti: non l&#8217;Europa. E&#8217; un&#8217;affermazione <em>de facto</em>: non importa quanto paradossale ci sembri o quale sia il nostro punto di vista in proposito, se ci schieriamo <em>pro o contro</em> o se proviamo, come verosimilmente proviamo, un&#8217;inestinguibile avversione per Trump. Creata come un&#8217;area di commercio estesa e indifferenziata, l&#8217;Unione europea esiste appena quanto a politica estera, non esiste invece sotto profili geoculturali. Che fare? Vale la pena partire da poche cose o principi elementari, <em>fundamentalia</em>. A me pare si possa disegnare qualcosa come un &#8220;kit&#8221; Europa: una costellazione di &#8220;elementari&#8221; da riconoscere e ripristinare.</p><p>KIT &#8220;EUROPA&#8221;. La &#8220;cultura europea&#8221; odierna - si fa persino difficolt&#224; a distinguere una &#8220;cultura&#8221; da ci&#242; che, pi&#249; banalmente si insegna nelle scuole o &#232; per cos&#236; dire &#8220;inscritto&#8221; nelle istituzioni come mera ideologia - non pare pi&#249; riconoscere, per gli individui, la necessit&#224; di distinguere tra l&#8217;Alto e il Basso; di rispondere a un principio direttivo interno, un&#8217;obbligazione categorica; di coltivare fedelt&#224; alla domanda metafisica all&#8217;origine di una qualsiasi &#8220;tradizione continentale&#8221;. Queste tre necessit&#224; definiscono invece, in termini sufficientemente generali (ma non <em>troppo</em> generali), il nucleo di tale tradizione: che si interrompe tra Sette- e Ottocento.</p><p>Si tratta quindi, se consideriamo il tema &#8220;Europa&#8221; <em>sub specie metaphysica</em>, di oltrepassare a ritroso la cesura utilitarista e scientista: cesura che si stabilisce in Europa all&#8217;indomani delle guerre religiose e delle persecuzioni, dunque con ottime ragioni <em>de facto</em>, ma non <em>de iure</em>; che spinge a guardare al commercio come circostanza unificante e pacificante - alla <em>prosperity</em> come sola preoccupazione dei legislatori -; e reinvia a <strong>un&#8217;antropologia politica</strong> di cui oggi misuriamo la fallacia. In base a tale antropologia gli individui nascono liberi <em>in quanto avulsi e separati l&#8217;uno dall&#8217;altro</em>, e solo compito dello Stato &#232; accompagnare la loro emancipazione da tutto ci&#242; che &#232; &#8220;comune&#8221; con un processo legislativo sempre pi&#249; esteso e capillare (Patrick Deneen concorda qui con Tocqueville). Altro era stato il punto di vista antico, in particolare aristotelico. L&#8217;uomo esiste (anzi meglio: fiorisce) solo come cittadino della <em>polis</em>. Fiorisce dunque sul presupposto di un&#8217;obbligazione. Onore, compostezza, senso del limite o della misura, lealt&#224;, autodisciplina: tutto questo definisce, per i Greci, la &#8220;virt&#249;&#8221; dell&#8217;uomo inteso come &#8220;animale politico&#8221;.</p><p>&#8220;Lo Stato liberale secolare vive di premesse che non &#232; in grado di garantire&#8230; Sussist[e] solo se la libert&#224; che concede ai suoi cittadini si regola dall&#8217;interno&#8230; [Ma] non &#232; in grado di garantire forze di regolazione interna senza rinunciare al suo liberalismo&#8221;. Cos&#236; <strong>B&#246;ckenforde</strong>, teorico e giurista tedesco di formazione liberale cristiana, nel 1976, formula il suo celebre &#8220;dilemma&#8221;. Senza particolare originalit&#224; teorica, se consideriamo come la grande letteratura russa del secondo Ottocento e, nei primi decenni del Novecento, le filosofie dell&#8217;esistenza, in Germania e in Russia, abbiano pi&#249; volte richiamato l&#8217;attenzione sulla &#8220;crisi&#8221; dell&#8217;umanesimo laico, incapace di fondare un&#8217;etica pubblica; tuttavia con elegante chiarezza, a ricordare che senza &#8220;religione&#8221; non esistono &#8220;libert&#224;&#8221; durevole n&#233; societ&#224;. Lo &#8220;Stato liberale secolare&#8221;, questa l&#8217;opinione di B&#246;ckenforde, risolve solo con difficolt&#224; i problemi della coesione sociale e del deficit motivazionale; anzi, non li risolve affatto.</p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e culturali (gli indici <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/s/winston">qui</a> e <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/winston">qui</a>). Iscriviti per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/per-uneuropa-post-liberale-manifesto?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/per-uneuropa-post-liberale-manifesto?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p>QUALE &#8220;ORIGINE&#8221;? Preparato dall&#8217;anticlericalismo settecentesco, <strong>l&#8217;anticristianesimo rivoluzionario</strong> &#232; per cos&#236; dire l&#8217;&#8220;elefante nella stanza&#8221; della Rivoluzione francese. Fatta eccezione per la storiografia in lingua inglese, che si &#232; molto spesa in proposito nei decenni recenti, la memoria delle stragi del clero &#171;refrattario&#187; o di semplici credenti (stragi di marca di volta in volta maratista, giacobina, brissottina o h&#233;bertista) compiute a Parigi, Nantes, Marsiglia, Lione e altrove all&#8217;insegna del progetto di &#8220;decristianizzazione&#8221; non &#232; a mio avviso diffusa cos&#236; come pure dovrebbe nella coscienza europea moderna, al pari, ad esempio, della <strong>memoria della Shoah e del Gulag</strong>. Una simile rimozione fa s&#236; che possa sembrare facile, o addirittura ovvio, richiamarsi oggi in Europa, da parte di questo o quello schieramento &#8220;progressista&#8221;, alla Rivoluzione francese come all&#8217;&#8221;origine&#8221; delle democrazie odierne, senza curarsi di distinguere tra moderazione e Terrore. Dimentichiamo cos&#236; che solo il rifiuto della menzogna e della sopraffazione - o, in termini pi&#249; concreti, l&#8217;immediata avversione per una qualsiasi ideologia della <em>tabula rasa</em>; per l&#8217;estremismo dottrinario; per la costruzione razziale o sociologica o sessuale dell&#8217;Altro e del &#8220;nemico&#8221; - pu&#242; costituire criterio attendibile per la creazione di un&#8217;opinione pubblica europea moderna, anti-totalitaria e autenticamente &#8220;liberale&#8221;.</p><p>Prospettare l&#8217;Europa a venire equivale a mio avviso, seguendo Draghi anche <em>oltre </em>Draghi, rivedere in profondit&#224; le nostre convinzioni in merito all&#8217;origine di ci&#242; che chiamiamo &#8220;modernit&#224;&#8221;, riconoscendo l&#8217;importanza di tradizioni in primo luogo religiose, cristianesimo e ebraismo, per l&#8217;affermazione dei principi personalistici e solidaristici su cui si regge l&#8217;intero progetto europeo. Di tali tradizioni si &#232; scelto di non fare menzione nel Preambolo della Costituzione europea del 2004, fuorviati da un senso timoroso e distolto di ci&#242; che significhi &#8220;inclusione&#8221;: si &#232; cos&#236; reso omaggio non a una societ&#224; pluriconfessionale, vivificata dal senso comunitario e dalla conoscenza della propria storia, &#8220;laica&#8221; in senso proprio, che riconosce alle religioni il ruolo di attori legittimi entro una sfera pubblica partecipata; ma a un &#8220;laicismo&#8221; di tradizione attivamente antireligiosa e anticristiana, ben diverso e persino opposto alla &#8220;laicit&#224;&#8221;, che si &#232; unito volentieri alla tirannide, ha mosso insensate guerre ai costumi e disperso, pretendendo di sostituire, le istituzioni della carit&#224; (questa la contestazione mossa da <strong>Roger Scruton</strong> all&#8217;Unione europea: che sottoscrivo).</p><p>EREDITA&#8217; CULTURALE E <em>SOFT POWER</em>. La grande tradizione religiosa, artistica e letteraria europea - dal tardo-antico alla prima modernit&#224; - costituisce alcunch&#233; di inscindibile, cui si oppongono, in momenti storici diversi, tre iconoclastie uguali e contrarie: il Terrore in Francia, la Rivoluzione di Ottobre in Russia e il Terzo Reich (con le sue appendici europee di fascismo anticristiano). Alle tre iconoclastie insieme anti-umanistiche e anti-cristiane, lugubri mentori dell&#8217;attuale wokismo, dovremmo guardare con pari intransigenza in un qualsiasi momento di fondazione dell&#8217;Europa a venire.</p><p>L&#8217;eredit&#224; culturale costituisce <a href="https://www.rivistailmulino.it/a/la-contemporaneit-umana-dei-tempi-di-carlo-levi">un elemento cruciale di </a><em><a href="https://www.rivistailmulino.it/a/la-contemporaneit-umana-dei-tempi-di-carlo-levi">soft power</a></em> di cui l&#8217;Europa dispone come nessun altro, forse neppure la Cina. Tuttavia l&#8217;Europa &#232; retta da decenni da elite tecnocratiche i cui membri, in larga parte oscuri <em>routiniers</em> innalzati a un rango sociale inatteso, sono stati educati nei dipartimenti di legge e economia. Non &#232; sensato attendersi alcuna vera conoscenza del patrimonio europeo, da parte di simili elite; alcun riconoscimento che non sia futile o formale; alcuna ricomposizione di lacerazioni o ferite inscritte in profondit&#224; nella storia europea moderna e contemporanea. </p><p>Si &#232; osservato che una democrazia veramente liberale riserva autonomia, oltrech&#233; a giuristi e legislatori, a coloro che hanno &#8220;elevatezza di vedute&#8221;; e che &#8220;&#8217;il nostro tempo&#8217;, &#8216;la nostra modernit&#224;&#8217;, &#8216;la nostra economia&#8217; sono basati sulla scienza. La scienza medesima per&#242; &#232; basata sugli studi umanistici, sulla permanenza della tradizione e delle lingue antiche, che forniscono all&#8217;Europa la sua giurisprudenza linguistica e morale&#8230; I miti, la religione, la letteratura, le lingue, innanzitutto le lingue classiche, greco, latino e ebraico, sono le fondamenta durevoli sulle quali &#232; stata costruita l&#8217;Europa, dunque anche la sua variante moderna: la democrazia liberale&#8221;.&#8221; (cito qui da <strong>Marc Fumaroli</strong>, <em>Lo Stato culturale</em>, 1991). L&#8217;&#8221;orgoglio&#8221; pu&#242; essere stolto, persino deplorevole se non si accompagna alla memoria sempre rinnovata di ci&#242; che solo conferisce legittimit&#224;; dove &#8220;accompagnarsi&#8221; equivale a <em>studiare per conoscere</em>.</p><p>Si rende conto, Draghi, che la linea dell&#8217;&#8221;orgoglio&#8221; entra inevitabilmente in conflitto con le politiche del patrimonio promosse in decenni recenti, in Italia poniamo, ma non meno in Francia o altrove, da un&#8217;intera generazione di amministratori che hanno inscritto pressoch&#233; esclusivamente la tutela entro la promozione del turismo (&#8220;valorizzazione&#8221;) - e tra questi amministratori persino il ministro scelto da Draghi per il suo stesso governo? La questione dell&#8217;Europa, cos&#236; almeno pare, si riconduce, per pi&#249; versi imprevedibilmente, alla ricostituzione di una tradizione umanistica irresponsabilmente dispersa, da Destra come da Sinistra e viceversa, in decenni di neoliberismo accademico e amministrativo. </p><p>&#8220;Non torneremo sulla democrazia commerciale, sul suo mercato, la sua pubblicit&#224;, i suoi svaghi&#8221;, conclude Fumaroli, a schivare ogni demagogia, ogni populismo nel discorso sul patrimonio. &#8220;Ma, nell&#8217;accettare tale democrazia senza preconcetti, bisogna anche farle capire quanto importante sia, per la sua salute pubblica e morale, per la sua felicit&#224;, porre al di sopra del gioco dell&#8217;offerta e della domanda, al di sopra della smania consumistica, le istituzioni e le discipline dell&#8217;<em>otium</em> studioso e disinteressato&#8221;.</p><p>Chiedo allora: si pu&#242; muovere oltre semplici appelli, sia pure autorevoli; e procurare quotidianamente argomenti concreti o occasioni manifeste - nelle scuole, nelle universit&#224;, nei media, nella discussione pubblica, in sede legislativa e parlamentare, nell&#8217;industria culturale - per un &#8220;orgoglio&#8221; che non sia vacua retorica o invocazione cerimoniale, ma <strong>impegno</strong> alla conoscenza del patrimonio e alla formazione di individui colti, memori, responsabili? Questa la domanda da rivolgere a chi prende oggi parte al progetto di rifondazione europea.</p><p></p><p><em>Questo articolo &#232; apparso sul quotidiano </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> in data 6.2.2026, pp. i, xi. Lo ripubblico qui con minime integrazioni e modifiche.</em></p><div><hr></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg" width="1456" height="1910" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1910,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1210675,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/i/186996978?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CC7K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdcd0b107-428e-4d68-95d7-feca59478dde_1952x2560.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div><hr></div><p>Ti &#232; piaciuto quello che hai letto? Questo post ti ha spinto a ampliare le tue conoscenze, o pi&#249; semplicemente acceso la tua curiosit&#224;? Bene. Puoi iscriverti: &#232; il modo per ricevere i prossimi articoli e sostenere la mia ricerca.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Sei gi&#224; iscritto? Considera allora la possibilit&#224; di fare upgrade per avere un&#8217;esperienza pi&#249; completa del blog.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Fai upgrade&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Fai upgrade</span></a></p><p>Oppure regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODQzNjA4MzYsImlhdCI6MTc2OTg1MDU0NiwiZXhwIjoxNzcyNDQyNTQ2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.xNhu6HbdhT9qyubkffFsVGI7iB4Gh2gmcsVZ5v7F85k&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODQzNjA4MzYsImlhdCI6MTc2OTg1MDU0NiwiZXhwIjoxNzcyNDQyNTQ2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.xNhu6HbdhT9qyubkffFsVGI7iB4Gh2gmcsVZ5v7F85k"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>What I Found Wanting in Draghi&#8217;s Leuven Address: The Vagueness and Pretension of "Pride". Plus, a Final Reckoning with Eighteenth-Century Liberalism</strong></p><p>In his recent address at the Catholic University of Leuven, Mario Draghi revisited the existential gauntlet facing Europe. His diagnosis was stark: the Union remains &#8220;subordinate, divided, deindustrialized.&#8221; The remedy? A pivot toward a &#8220;federation&#8221; bolstered by unified economic, foreign, and defense policies. It is difficult to fault Draghi for a lack of perspicacia; his precision is, as usual, surgical. Yet, one cannot help but notice that his periodic clarion calls for a renewed European commitment suffer from <strong>a certain historico-ideological fragility</strong>&#8212;a trait perhaps intrinsic to Europe&#8217;s technocratic and liberal elites. Saturated with technical minutiae and polished by garbo istituzionale, these appeals often fail to &#8220;break through&#8221; on a symbolic or motivational level.</p><p>However, the Leuven speech represents a noteworthy exception. Draghi&#8217;s concluding invocation of &#8220;pride&#8221; transcends his typical politico-economic horizons. The setting itself&#8212;the Catholic University of Leuven, established in 1835 upon the ruins of an ancient humanistic-religious tradition suppressed in 1792 by the Napoleonic military&#8212;feels semiotic. Here, European &#8220;pride&#8221; is not merely the product of a recent, secular, and <em>stricto sensu</em> liberal heritage. Rather, it draws from a <em>longue dur&#233;e</em> legacy&#8212;primarily ethico-metaphysical&#8212;rooted in the founding traditions of the continent: the Greco-Roman and the Judeo-Christian. &#8220;The threat alone will not be enough to sustain us. What began in fear must continue in hope,&#8221; Draghi remarked. &#8220;By acting together, we will rediscover something that has long lain dormant: our pride, our self-confidence, our faith in our future.&#8221; In the words of the former banker and premier, we detect a profound disappointment with the contemporary Union: &#8220;dormant,&#8221; &#8220;devoid of pride,&#8221; amnesiac, and seemingly incapable of resipiscenza. Can we truly say he is wrong?</p><p>Today, what we call &#8220;the West&#8221; is the United States, not Europe. This is a <em>de facto</em> reality; it matters little how paradoxical it seems or where our sympathies lie&#8212;even if we harbor, as we likely do, an unquenchable aversion to Trump. Conceived as a vast, undifferentiated commercial zone, the European Union barely exists in the realm of foreign policy and is effectively non-existent in geocultural terms. What is to be done? It is worth returning to first principles&#8212;<em>fundamentalia</em>. I believe it is possible to sketch something like a kit &#8220;Europe&#8221;: a constellation of &#8220;elementaries&#8221; that must be recognized and restored.</p><p>A KIT &#8220;EUROPE&#8221;. Modern &#8220;European culture&#8221;&#8212;if one can even distinguish &#8220;culture&#8221; from the rote curricula of schools or the mere ideology &#8220;inscribed&#8221; within institutions&#8212;no longer seems to recognize the individual&#8217;s need to distinguish between the High and the Low. It has lost the impulse to answer to an internal guiding principle, a categorical obligation, or to remain faithful to the metaphysical inquiry at the heart of any &#8220;continental tradition.&#8221; These three necessities define the core of that tradition, which was severed between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.</p><p>If we consider the &#8220;Europe&#8221; theme <em>sub specie metaphysica</em>, we must retroactively bridge the utilitarian and scientistic cesura. This rift established itself in Europe in the aftermath of religious wars and persecutions&#8212;justified, therefore, <em>de facto</em>, but not <em>de iure</em>. It pushed us to view commerce as the sole unifying and pacifying force&#8212;with prosperity as the legislator&#8217;s only concern&#8212;and deferred to a political anthropology whose fallacy is now glaring. According to this anthropology, individuals are born free insofar as they are detached and separate from one another; the State&#8217;s only task is to facilitate their emancipation from everything &#8220;common&#8221; via an increasingly capillary legislative process (here, <strong>Patrick Deneen</strong> finds common ground with <strong>Tocqueville</strong>). The ancient perspective, particularly the Aristotelian one, was quite different. Man exists (or rather, flourishes) only as a citizen of the polis. He flourishes, therefore, upon the premise of an obligation. Honor, compostezza, a sense of limit or measure, loyalty, self-discipline: for the Greeks, these defined the &#8220;virtue&#8221; of man as a zoon politikon.</p><p>&#8220;The liberal secular state lives on premises that it cannot itself guarantee&#8230; It can exist only if the freedom it grants its citizens is regulated from within&#8230; [But] it is not capable of guaranteeing internal regulatory forces without renouncing its liberalism.&#8221; Thus, in 1976, <strong>Ernst-Wolfgang B&#246;ckenf&#246;rde</strong>&#8212;a German theorist and jurist of Christian-liberal formation&#8212;formulated his celebrated &#8220;dilemma.&#8221; While perhaps lacking in raw theoretical originality&#8212;given how nineteenth-century Russian literature and early twentieth-century existentialist philosophies in Germany and Russia repeatedly signaled the &#8220;crisis&#8221; of secular humanism&#8212;it possesses an elegant clarity. It reminds us that without &#8220;religion,&#8221; there is no lasting &#8220;freedom&#8221; nor society. In B&#246;ckenf&#246;rde&#8217;s view, the &#8220;secular liberal state&#8221; struggles to resolve the problems of social cohesion and motivational deficits; indeed, it does not resolve them at all.</p><p>WHICH &#8220;ORIGIN&#8221;? Paved by eighteenth-century anticlericalism, revolutionary anti-Christianity is the &#8220;elephant in the room&#8221; of the French Revolution. Except for English-language historiography, which has devoted much effort to the subject in recent decades, the memory of the massacres of &#8220;refractory&#8221; clergy or simple believers&#8212;atrocities committed by Maratists, Jacobins, Brissotins, or H&#233;bertists in Paris, Nantes, Marseille, and Lyon under the banner of &#8220;dechristianization&#8221;&#8212;is not, in my view, as diffuse in the modern European consciousness as it ought to be, alongside the memory of the <strong>Shoah</strong> or the <strong>Gulag</strong>.</p><p>Such a rimozione makes it seem easy, even obvious, for various &#8220;progressive&#8221; factions to invoke the French Revolution as the &#8220;origin&#8221; of modern democracies, without bothering to distinguish between moderation and the Terror. We thus forget that only the rejection of lies and oppression&#8212;or, more concretely, an immediate aversion to any ideology of the tabula rasa, to doctrinal extremism, or to the racial, sociological, or sexual construction of the &#8220;Other&#8221; as an &#8220;enemy&#8221;&#8212;can constitute a reliable criterion for the creation of a modern, anti-totalitarian, and authentically &#8220;liberal&#8221; European public opinion.</p><p>To envision the Europe to come&#8212;following Draghi, yet venturing well <em>beyond</em> him&#8212;requires, in my view, a profound revision of our convictions regarding the origins of &#8220;modernity.&#8221; It demands a recognition of <strong>the paramount importance of religious traditions</strong>&#8212;specifically Christianity and Judaism&#8212;in the affirmation of those personalist and solidaristic principles upon which the entire European project rests. The decision to omit any mention of these traditions in <strong>the Preamble to the 2004 European Constitution</strong> was a failure of nerve, misled by a timid and distorted sense of what &#8220;inclusion&#8221; truly entails. In doing so, homage was paid not to a multi-confessional society&#8212;one vivified by a sense of community, a mastery of its own history, and a <em>laicit&#233;</em> in the proper sense, which recognizes religions as legitimate actors within a participatory public sphere&#8212;but rather to a &#8220;laicism&#8221; of an actively anti-religious and anti-Christian pedigree. This brand of secularism is not merely different from, but antithetical to, true laicit&#224;. It is a tradition that has historically aligned itself with tyranny, waged senseless wars against local customs, and dispersed&#8212;while pretending to replace&#8212;the institutions of charity. This was <strong>Roger Scruton</strong>&#8217;s fundamental indictment of the European Union; it is one I fully endorse.</p><p>CULTURAL HERITAGE AND <em>SOFT POWER</em>. The great religious, artistic, and literary tradition of Europe&#8212;from Late Antiquity to early modernity&#8212;constitutes an indivisible whole. Opposed to this unity, at different historical junctures, stand three equal and contrary iconoclasms: the Terror in France, the October Revolution in Russia, and the Third Reich (with its various European appendages of anti-Christian fascism). We ought to look upon these three anti-humanistic and anti-Christian iconoclasms&#8212;those dismal mentors of contemporary &#8220;wokism&#8221;&#8212;with equal intransigence at any moment of founding for the Europe to come.</p><p>Cultural heritage represents <a href="https://www.rivistailmulino.it/a/la-contemporaneit-umana-dei-tempi-di-carlo-levi">a crucial element of soft power</a> that Europe possesses in a measure matched by no one else, perhaps not even China. Yet, for decades, Europe has been governed by technocratic elites whose members&#8212;largely obscure routiniers elevated to unexpected social rank&#8212;have been bred in departments of law and economics. It is futile to expect any genuine command of the European patrimony from such elites; any recognition that is not trivial or merely formal; any healing of the lacerations and wounds inscribed deep within modern and contemporary European history (to take a simple example regarding heritage: the Napoleonic spoliations, which continue to illegitimately bolster the museums of France, and from which the ancient Italian regional states, the missionary and contemplative Orders, and the Catholic Church suffered beyond any measure of iniquity).</p><p>I ask, then: can we move beyond mere appeals, however authoritative? Can we provide, on a daily basis, concrete arguments or manifest occasions&#8212;in schools, universities, the media, public discourse, legislative halls, and the culture industry&#8212;for a &#8220;pride&#8221; that is not vacuous rhetoric or ceremonial invocation, but a commitment to the knowledge of our heritage and the formation of individuals who are cultivated, mindful, and responsible? This is the question that must be posed to anyone currently engaged in the project of European refoundation.</p><p></p><p><em>This article originally appeared in the daily newspaper </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> on February 6, 2026, pp. i, xi. It is reproduced here with minor revisions.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Thank you for reading <em>Winston</em>, the blog&#8217;s dedicated section for geopolitical and cultural inquiry (index <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/s/winston">here</a> and <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/winston">here</a>). 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Che significano in concreto le oscure metafore dell&#8217;&#8221;ideologo&#8221; che orienta a Destra la Silicon Valley?]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/il-momento-guantanamo-della-democrazia</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/il-momento-guantanamo-della-democrazia</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 06:28:21 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mxN5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c33adc-9e53-44c0-9f77-52ef7200e4d7_1182x781.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>&#127468;&#127463; </strong><em>English version below</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Attorno a <strong>Peter Thiel</strong>, in Italia, sta creandosi un vasto assortimento di leggende, per lo pi&#249; nere. Forse &#232; la singolarit&#224; del profilo professionale di un imprenditore e <em>venture capitalist</em> impegnato su temi filosofici e religiosi, apprezzato da teorici <em>far-right</em> come <strong>Curtis Yarvin</strong> (negli Stati Uniti) e <strong>Alexander Dugin</strong> (in Russia). Forse la scarsit&#224; di notizie minute attorno all&#8217;&#8221;ideologo&#8221; della Silicon Valley - se non l&#8217;unico, quantomeno tra i pi&#249; autorevoli -, nato in Germania e naturalizzato statunitense, tra i primi &#8220;tecno-monarchi&#8221; a fare <em>coming out</em> (un genere di notizie, questo, lo ammetto, per cui nutro grande indifferenza).</p><p>In realt&#224;, per orientarsi nel pensiero di Thiel, occorre fare analisi di testi, discorsi e conferenze e incrociare tutto questo con i dati di cronaca politica e economica. Per misurare da un lato l&#8217;apprezzabile vastit&#224; di letture e interessi, cui, trattandosi qui di un imprenditore, non siamo abituati in Europa. Dall&#8217;altro quella certa ampollosit&#224; che deriva in parte da un&#8217;imperfetta elaborazione delle fonti e dall&#8217;autodidattica (anche se, a rigore, Thiel ha fatto ottimi studi: si &#232; laureato in filosofia a Stanford, in California, studiando con <strong>Ren&#233; Girard</strong>, prima di esercitare come avvocato, trader e <em>ghost writer</em> del Segretario all&#8217;Istruzione al tempo della seconda presidenza <strong>Reagan</strong>). Si tratta infine di verificare sulla base di comportamenti e circostanze concrete l&#8217;attendibilit&#224; della &#8220;teoria&#8221;, che non &#232; qui, ricordiamolo, il <em>core</em> <em>business</em>. &#8220;In [his] meandering talks&#8221;, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/ng-interactive/2025/oct/10/peter-thiel-antichrist-lectures">ha scritto di recente Adrian Daub sul </a><em><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/ng-interactive/2025/oct/10/peter-thiel-antichrist-lectures">Guardian</a></em>, &#8220;Thiel is clearly aiming for the kind of syncretic thinking he so relished in the books and lectures of the philosopher and professor Ren&#233; Girard, whom he knew at Stanford University and whose work he has long admired. Unfortunately, more often than not, Thiel ends up with something that reads like Dan Brown&#8221;.</p><p>Autore del saggio <em>Il momento straussiano</em>, appena apparso per Liberilibri in traduzione italiana ma risalente al biennio 2003-2004, Thiel &#232; balzato di recente all&#8217;attenzione globale per avere adottato una metafora in apparenza cos&#236; desueta come l&#8217;Anticristo in una serie di conferenze tenute a San Francisco, in forma privata, nell&#8217;autunno del 2025. In realt&#224; tale metafora non risulta del tutto assurda o peregrina. Nell&#8217;evocare l&#8217;<strong>Anticristo</strong>, Thiel si riferisce esplicitamente ai <em>Tre dialoghi e il racconto dell&#8217;Anticristo</em> di <strong>Vladimir Solov&#8217;&#235;v</strong>, filosofo e scrittore russo a cavallo tra Otto e Novecento, che potremmo introdurre qui, con qualche approssimazione, come discepolo di Dostoevskij e avversario degli indirizzi &#8220;occidentalistici&#8221; della cultura russa del tempo. Taluni spunti o temi tipici di Solov&#8217;&#235;v echeggiano in Thiel: che si presenta come critico del pedagogismo illuminista e rigetta, del pensiero settecentesco, l&#8217;incapacit&#224; di considerare come anche il Male sia parte della storia.</p><p>L&#8217;interesse di Thiel per la figura dell&#8217;Anticristo, che sembra correlarsi qui a un qualsiasi regime regolatorio globale - a tutto ci&#242; che ha per cos&#236; dirediscendenze woke -, &#232; connesso da un lato alla sua convinzione che esista, in Occidente, un&#8217;opinione pubblica &#8220;progressista&#8221; e <em>liberal</em>, ben rappresentata nei media e nelle istituzioni (<em><strong>Deep State</strong></em>), che non riesce a cogliere la drammaticit&#224; del momento; dall&#8217;altra al punto di osservazione che Thiel sceglie per s&#233;, persuaso che le ragioni semplicemente <em>materiali</em> non bastino a spiegare la storia. Tale punto di osservazione &#232; provocatoriamente metafisico-religioso.</p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e culturali. Iscriviti qui per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Oppure regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODQzNjA4MzYsImlhdCI6MTc2OTg1MDU0NiwiZXhwIjoxNzcyNDQyNTQ2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.xNhu6HbdhT9qyubkffFsVGI7iB4Gh2gmcsVZ5v7F85k&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODQzNjA4MzYsImlhdCI6MTc2OTg1MDU0NiwiZXhwIjoxNzcyNDQyNTQ2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.xNhu6HbdhT9qyubkffFsVGI7iB4Gh2gmcsVZ5v7F85k"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p>&#8220;Cristianizzare&#8221; la tecnica adattandola a istituzioni e societ&#224; post-liberali; e contestualmente preservare il primato tecno-securitario occidentale. Queste sono le priorit&#224; di Thiel, che evoca a pi&#249; riprese, in saggi e conferenze, la figura dello &#8220;statista cristiano&#8221;. Il jihadismo islamico, questo il suo ragionamento nel <em>Momento straussiano</em>, pone l&#8217;Occidente davanti a un <em>aut aut</em>: perch&#233; dimostra che altre culture (pre-illuministiche e pre-moderne etc.) ritengono ancora legittima la violenza religiosa. Si pu&#242; scegliere di morire ignorando, anzi, rigettando il calcolo costi/benefici: per fede. In un mondo caratterizzato da quella che gli etnografi chiamano la &#8220;contemporaneit&#224; dei non contemporanei&#8221;, gli attentati delle Torri Gemelle, pianificati in Afghanistan dal rampollo di una famiglia saudita di petrolieri e portati a termine da esponenti delle classi medio-alte saudite, scuotono le fondamenta del modello settecentesco di <em>ratio</em>, utilitaristica e individualistica mentre, al contempo, confutano l&#8217;economicismo marxista.</p><p>All&#8217;<em>aut aut </em>jihadista, prosegue Thiel, l&#8217;Occidente pu&#242; rispondere in due modi. Seguendo Schmitt sulla via dell&#8217;antitesi amico/nemico, della clausola sullo &#8220;stato d&#8217;eccezione&#8221; e della legittimazione di una violenza per cos&#236; dire &#8220;indiscriminata&#8221; da parte dello Stato. Oppure, ed &#232; questa l&#8217;opzione che Thiel preferisce nel <em>Momento straussiano</em>, temperando tale antitesi: prevedendo cio&#232; che l&#8217;eventuale sospensione dello stato di diritto possa avvenire solo all&#8217;interno di azioni di contrasto al terrorismo stragista (l&#8217;esempio pi&#249; calzante, per Thiel, &#232; Guantanamo).</p><p>E&#8217; un terreno scivoloso, questo della sospensione del diritto naturale o del &#8220;caso-limite&#8221;, che Thiel affronta, nel saggio considerato, a mio avviso senza troppe distinzioni o cautele. Quali e quante sono le fattispecie di &#8220;casi-limite&#8221;? Si pu&#242; chiamare lo &#8220;stato di eccezione&#8221; anche per circostanze che non hanno a che fare con il terrorismo jihadista, ad esempio l&#8217;immigrazione clandestina? La piattaforma di ICE, si &#232; appreso di recente, &#232; stata messa a punto da <strong>Palantir</strong>, azienda di cui Thiel &#232; proprietario. Questo non rende Thiel direttamente imputabile della &#8220;violenza indiscriminata&#8221; di questi giorni a Minneapolis. Prospetta per&#242; una disturbante plasticit&#224; della categoria di &#8220;caso-limite&#8221; e una sua possibile evoluzione dal 2003-2004 a oggi. Inoltre: che accade se la sfida esistenziale che l&#8217;Occidente &#232; chiamato a affrontare non &#232; pi&#249;, come oggi pare non esser pi&#249;, il terrorismo jihadista, ma la Cina di Xi Jinping? Ci imbattiamo qui in una competizione geopolitica e commerciale destinata a modellare occupazione e salari americani per decenni. Il conflitto sociale costituir&#224; per Thiel il nuovo &#8220;caso-limite&#8221;?</p><p>Thiel si professa discepolo di Strauss. E&#8217; lecito chiedersi: scrive anche lui in regime di segretezza e autocensura, come Strauss e i pi&#249; grandi filosofi di ogni tempo (nell&#8217;opinione di Strauss)? Se cos&#236; fosse, dovremmo temere che le riserve <em>esplicite</em> circa lo &#8220;stato di eccezione&#8221;, ampie e rassicuranti nel <em>Momento straussiano</em>, dove &#8220;l&#8217;eccezione&#8221; &#232; ammessa esclusivamente per breve tempo e nell&#8217;ambito della lotta alla Jihad, possano aver perso validit&#224; oggi a favore di un assenso <em>implicito</em>, &#8220;schmittiano&#8221; stavolta, all&#8217;uso della violenza indiscriminata da parte dello Stato, tale da dislocare il &#8220;conflitto di civilt&#224;&#8221; <em>all&#8217;interno</em> dei confini nazionali e trasformarlo nell&#8217;argomento di una guerra intestina.</p><p></p><p><em>Questo articolo &#232; apparso sul quotidiano </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> in data 3 febbraio 2026. Lo riproduco qui con lievi integrazioni e modifiche.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e culturali. Iscriviti qui per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Oppure regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODQzNjA4MzYsImlhdCI6MTc2OTg1MDU0NiwiZXhwIjoxNzcyNDQyNTQ2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.xNhu6HbdhT9qyubkffFsVGI7iB4Gh2gmcsVZ5v7F85k&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODQzNjA4MzYsImlhdCI6MTc2OTg1MDU0NiwiZXhwIjoxNzcyNDQyNTQ2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.xNhu6HbdhT9qyubkffFsVGI7iB4Gh2gmcsVZ5v7F85k"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>The Straussian Moment. Peter Thiel on American Democracy, the Antichrist, Natural Law and the Friend/Enemy Antithesis.</strong></p><p>In Italy, a vast assortment of legends&#8212;mostly of the noir variety&#8212;is coalescing around Peter Thiel. Perhaps it is the singularity of the professional profile: an entrepreneur and venture capitalist engaged with philosophical and religious themes, lauded by far-right theorists such as Curtis Yarvin in the United States and Alexander Dugin in Russia. Perhaps it is the scarcity of granular news surrounding the Silicon Valley &#8220;ideologue&#8221;&#8212;if not the only one, certainly among the most authoritative&#8212;born in Germany and naturalized as an American, one of the first &#8220;techno-monarchs&#8221; to come out (a genre of news, I admit, for which I harbor great indifference).</p><p>In reality, to orient oneself within Thiel&#8217;s thought, it is necessary to perform an analysis of texts, speeches, and conferences, cross-referencing all of this with the data of political and economic history. This is required to measure, on the one hand, the appreciable vastness of his readings and interests, to which&#8212;dealing here with an entrepreneur&#8212;we are not accustomed in Europe. On the other, it reveals that certain turgidity which derives in part from an imperfect processing of sources and from being self-taught (even if, strictly speaking, Thiel&#8217;s studies were excellent: he graduated in philosophy from Stanford, California, studying under Ren&#233; Girard, before practicing as a lawyer, trader, and ghostwriter for the Secretary of Education during the second Reagan presidency). Finally, it is a matter of verifying, on the basis of concrete behaviors and circumstances, the reliability of the &#8220;theory,&#8221; which&#8212;let us remember&#8212;is not the core business here. &#8220;In [his] meandering talks,&#8221; Adrian Daub recently wrote in The Guardian, &#8220;Thiel is clearly aiming for the kind of syncretic thinking he so relished in the books and lectures of the philosopher and professor Ren&#233; Girard, whom he knew at Stanford University and whose work he has long admired. Unfortunately, more often than not, Thiel ends up with something that reads like Dan Brown.&#8221;</p><p>The author of the essay The Straussian Moment&#8212;which has just appeared in Italian translation via Liberilibri but dates back to the 2003-2004 period&#8212;Thiel has recently leapt into global attention for adopting a metaphor apparently as obsolete as the Antichrist in a series of conferences held privately in San Francisco in the autumn of 2025. In reality, such a metaphor does not appear entirely absurd or far-fetched. In evoking the Antichrist, Thiel explicitly refers to The Three Conversations and A Short Tale of the Antichrist by Vladimir Solovyov, the Russian philosopher and writer at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, whom we might introduce here, with some approximation, as a disciple of Dostoevsky and an opponent of the &#8220;Westernizing&#8221; currents of Russian culture at the time. Certain motifs or themes typical of Solovyov echo in Thiel: he presents himself as a critic of Enlightenment &#8220;pedagogism&#8221; and rejects the eighteenth-century inability to consider how even Evil is a part of history.</p><p>Thiel&#8217;s interest in the figure of the Antichrist, which here seems to correlate to any global regulatory regime&#8212;to all that has, so to speak, &#8220;woke&#8221; lineages&#8212;is connected on one hand to his conviction that there exists, in the West, a &#8220;progressive&#8221; and liberal public opinion, well-represented in the media and institutions (the Deep State), which fails to grasp the drama of the moment; on the other, to the vantage point Thiel chooses for himself, persuaded as he is that simple material reasons are not enough to explain history. This vantage point is provocatively metaphysical-religious.</p><p>To &#8220;Christianize&#8221; technique by adapting it to post-liberal institutions and societies; and simultaneously to preserve Western techno-security primacy. These are the priorities for Thiel, who repeatedly evokes, in essays and conferences, the figure of the &#8220;Christian statesman.&#8221; Islamic jihadism&#8212;so goes his reasoning in The Straussian Moment&#8212;places the West before an aut-aut: because it demonstrates that other cultures (pre-Enlightenment and pre-modern, etc.) still consider religious violence legitimate. One can choose to die by ignoring, or rather, rejecting the cost/benefit calculation: out of faith. In a world characterized by what ethnographers call the &#8220;contemporaneity of the non-contemporaneous,&#8221; the Twin Towers attacks&#8212;planned in Afghanistan by the scion of a Saudi family of oilmen and carried out by members of the Saudi middle-to-upper classes&#8212;shook the foundations of the eighteenth-century model of ratio, both utilitarian and individualistic, while simultaneously refuting Marxist economism.</p><p>To the jihadist aut-aut, Thiel continues, the West can respond in two ways. Following Schmitt on the path of the friend/enemy antithesis, the &#8220;state of exception&#8221; clause, and the legitimation of a so-to-speak &#8220;indiscriminate&#8221; violence by the State. Or&#8212;and this is the option Thiel prefers in The Straussian Moment&#8212;by tempering such an antithesis: that is, by providing that the eventual suspension of the rule of law can occur only within actions to combat mass-casualty terrorism (the most fitting example, for Thiel, being Guantanamo).</p><p>This is slippery ground, this suspension of the rule of law or the &#8220;limit-case,&#8221; which Thiel addresses in the essay under consideration, in my view, without too many distinctions or cautions. What and how many are the types of &#8220;limit-cases&#8221;? Can one invoke the &#8220;state of exception&#8221; for circumstances that have nothing to do with jihadist terrorism, for example, illegal immigration? The ICE platform, it was recently learned, was developed by Palantir, a company owned by Thiel. This does not make Thiel directly accountable for the &#8220;indiscriminate violence&#8221; of these days in Minneapolis. It does, however, suggest a disturbing plasticity of the &#8220;limit-case&#8221; category and its possible evolution from 2003-2004 to today. Furthermore: what happens if the existential challenge the West is called to face is no longer, as it today seems no longer to be, jihadist terrorism, but Xi Jinping&#8217;s China? We encounter here a geopolitical and commercial competition destined to shape American employment and wages for decades. Will social conflict constitute the new &#8220;limit-case&#8221; for Thiel?</p><p>Thiel professes to be a disciple of Strauss. It is legitimate to ask: does he also write under a regime of secrecy and self-censorship, as did Strauss and the greatest philosophers of all time (in Strauss&#8217;s opinion)? If this were so, we should fear that the explicit reservations regarding the &#8220;state of exception&#8221;&#8212;broad and reassuring in The Straussian Moment, where the &#8220;exception&#8221; is admitted exclusively for a short time and within the scope of the fight against Jihad&#8212;may have lost their validity today in favor of an implicit assent, &#8220;Schmittian&#8221; this time, to the use of indiscriminate violence by the State, such as to relocate the &#8220;clash of civilizations&#8221; within national borders and transform it into the subject of an internecine war.</p><p></p><p><em>This article originally appeared in the daily newspaper </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> on February 3, 2026. It is reproduced here with minor revisions.</em></p><div><hr></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eWDV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faff9afa3-0f98-46bb-8c90-98f5e2fb8aec_1290x1925.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eWDV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faff9afa3-0f98-46bb-8c90-98f5e2fb8aec_1290x1925.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eWDV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faff9afa3-0f98-46bb-8c90-98f5e2fb8aec_1290x1925.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eWDV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faff9afa3-0f98-46bb-8c90-98f5e2fb8aec_1290x1925.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eWDV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faff9afa3-0f98-46bb-8c90-98f5e2fb8aec_1290x1925.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eWDV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faff9afa3-0f98-46bb-8c90-98f5e2fb8aec_1290x1925.jpeg" width="1290" height="1925" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OeJY!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F73adaf6e-bdd2-4e83-9db3-68b0b5e8752f_1289x1941.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OeJY!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F73adaf6e-bdd2-4e83-9db3-68b0b5e8752f_1289x1941.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OeJY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F73adaf6e-bdd2-4e83-9db3-68b0b5e8752f_1289x1941.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OeJY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F73adaf6e-bdd2-4e83-9db3-68b0b5e8752f_1289x1941.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div 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Subscribe here to receive future articles and support my work.research.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Subscribe</span></a></p><p>Alternatively, you may gift a subscription by clicking <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">here</a>!</p><p>If you wish to share this content, please click the button below.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/carla-lonzi-scrittrice?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/carla-lonzi-scrittrice?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share"><span>Share</span></a></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA["Kit" Europa]]></title><description><![CDATA[L'Unione europea &#232; stata concepita come semplice zona franca commerciale. Ma senza la costellazione di &#8220;elementari&#8221; che la definisce, l'Europa non pu&#242; tornare a svolgere alcun ruolo politico-culturale]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/kit-europa</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/kit-europa</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 26 Jan 2026 13:26:29 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg" width="1456" height="1277" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1277,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:5533548,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/i/185655278?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2dJm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F25c4b5a3-5c07-4248-9c66-ce9b1dace923_2281x2000.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Ci&#242; che chiamiamo Occidente sono oggi gli Stati Uniti: non l&#8217;Europa. E&#8217; un&#8217;affermazione de facto: non importa quale sia il nostro punto di vista in proposito, se ci schieriamo <em>pro aut contra</em> o se proviamo, come verosimilmente proviamo, un&#8217;inestinguibile avversione per Trump. Creata come un&#8217;area di commercio estesa e indifferenziata, l&#8217;Unione europea esiste appena quanto a politica estera, non esiste invece sotto profili geoculturali.</p><p>Che fare? Vale la pena partire da poche cose o principi elementari, <em>fundamentalia</em>. A me pare si possa disegnare qualcosa come un &#8220;kit&#8221; Europa: una costellazione di &#8220;elementari&#8221; da riconoscere e ripristinare.</p><p>La &#8220;cultura europea&#8221; - si fa persino difficolt&#224; a distinguere una &#8220;cultura&#8221; da ci&#242; che, pi&#249; banalmente si insegna nelle scuole o &#232; per cos&#236; dire &#8220;inscritto&#8221; nelle istituzioni - non riconosce oggi pi&#249;, per gli individui, la necessit&#224; di distinguere tra l&#8217;Alto e il Basso; di rispondere a un principio direttivo interno, un&#8217;obbligazione che sia categorica; di coltivare fedelt&#224; per quella domanda metafisica greco-cristiana che &#232; all&#8217;origine di una qualsiasi &#8220;tradizione continentale&#8221;. Le elites europee sono costituite da troppo tempo da esponenti di discipline tecniche e applicative, <a href="https://substack.com/@micheledantini/note/c-181988056?r=4jx1q&amp;utm_source=notes-share-action&amp;utm_medium=web">incapaci di rammemorare, attingere, ricondursi allo scrigno delle motivazioni</a>. </p><p>Queste tre cose definiscono invece, in termini sufficientemente formali (ma non <em>troppo</em> formali), il nucleo di tale tradizione: che si interrompe tra Sette- e Ottocento. Si tratta quindi, se consideriamo il tema <em>sub specie metaphysica</em>, di oltrepassare a ritroso la cesura liberale, utilitarista e scientista: cesura che si stabilisce in Europa all&#8217;indomani delle guerre religiose e delle persecuzioni, dunque con ottime ragioni de facto, anche se non de iure; che spinge a guardare al commercio come circostanza unificante e pacificante - alla <em>prosperity</em> come sola preoccupazione dei legislatori; e che reinvia a un&#8217;antropologia politica di cui oggi misuriamo la fallacia, per cui gli individui nascono liberi <em>in quanto avulsi e separati l&#8217;uno dall&#8217;altro</em>, e solo compito dello Stato &#232; accompagnare con un processo legislativo sempre pi&#249; esteso e capillare la loro emancipazione da tutto ci&#242; che &#232; &#8220;comune&#8221;.</p><p>L&#8217;obbligazione presuppone e sviluppa circolarmente attitudini specifiche, da tempo irresponsabilmente ignorate, neglette o avversate dal discorso &#8220;progressista&#8221;: onore, compostezza, misura, lealt&#224;, obbedienza. Senza tutto questo non pu&#242; esistere &#8220;societ&#224;&#8221;.</p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e culturali. Iscriviti qui per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Oppure regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODQzNjA4MzYsImlhdCI6MTc2OTg1MDU0NiwiZXhwIjoxNzcyNDQyNTQ2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.xNhu6HbdhT9qyubkffFsVGI7iB4Gh2gmcsVZ5v7F85k&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;action=share&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo3NjQ3NzU4LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxODQzNjA4MzYsImlhdCI6MTc2OTg1MDU0NiwiZXhwIjoxNzcyNDQyNTQ2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItNDAyNzkzIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.xNhu6HbdhT9qyubkffFsVGI7iB4Gh2gmcsVZ5v7F85k"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Antiamericanismo, antiamericanismi]]></title><description><![CDATA[Esistono diverse tradizioni di antiamericanismo in Italia, pi&#249; o meno recenti, alcune democratiche, altre no. Quando l'antiamericanismo si fa demagogico, Destra e Sinistra tendono a confondersi]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 16 Jan 2026 06:28:07 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png" width="836" height="1496" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FXeb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc580545-adc2-4c7e-a2dc-5845d2523460_836x1496.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Il Novecento osservato dall&#8217;Italia &#232; un ininterrotto laboratorio di &#8220;antiamericanismi&#8221; che si succedono l&#8217;un l&#8217;altro, a Destra come a Sinistra; spesso combinandosi in modo ambiguo.</p><p>IL PRESIDENTE WILSON E LA QUESTIONE ISTRIANA. Una prima violenta mobilitazione antiamericana si ha all&#8217;indomani della Prima Guerra mondiale: quando il Presidente Wilson, incurante delle promesse fatte in precedenza dalle potenze occidentali, si oppone all&#8217;ampliamento territoriale italiano in Istria. Persino un democratico come Salvemini, solitamente insofferente di ogni nazionalismo e imperialismo, protesta al tempo contro il &#8220;tradimento&#8221;.</p><p>ANTIAMERICANISMO NEL PERIODO TRA LE DUE GUERRE. Lo schema che caratterizza l&#8217;antiamericanismo italiano nel periodo dell&#8217;<em>entre-deux-guerres</em> &#232; gi&#224; posto tra 1919 e 1920: &#8220;popoli giovani&#8221; (al tempo si considera &#8220;giovane&#8221; l&#8217;Italia, per aver conquistato da poco l&#8217;unit&#224; politica) contro democrazie senescenti, &#8220;fede&#8221; contro diritto, nazioni povere e popolose contro &#8220;plutocrazie&#8221;.</p><p><strong>Il &#8220;discorso&#8221; fascista sull&#8217;America &#232; tutt&#8217;altro che univoco e coerente</strong>. Non mancano dapprima stupore e ammirazione &#8220;modernisti&#8221; per quanto gli Stati Uniti riescono a fare, in termini di efficienza produttiva, espansione economica, progettazione di megalopoli. In un secondo momento, tuttavia, soprattutto dopo la crisi finanziaria del 1929, che ci si affretta a propagandare come crollo e fine del capitalismo, subentra, da parte di Mussolini e altri, un atteggiamento di scherno per il &#8220;macchinismo&#8221; americano e l&#8217;economia dei cartelli o dei monopoli. Si fa pungente, qui, la contrapposizione tra &#8220;civilt&#224;&#8221; (oggi diremmo antropologie): da un lato l&#8217;Europa, con al centro Roma, che vanta una storia plurimillenaria. Dall&#8217;altra un &#8220;impero&#8221; commerciale che non conosce rango n&#233; coraggio n&#233; onore, e in cui le parole d&#8217;ordine della democrazia accompagnano la tirannide del denaro.</p><p>&#200; il fascismo fiorentino, toscano e &#8220;strapaesano&#8221; a sviluppare in primo luogo il discorso &#8220;antiamericano&#8221; in tutte le sue &#8220;occasioni&#8221; o pretesti. La ricchezza arrogante e ignara che depriva luoghi di antica umanit&#224; e cultura del loro patrimonio. Il fanatismo della velocit&#224; e del successo. L&#8217;emancipazione femminile e la distruzione della famiglia. Il dispotismo dell&#8217;opinione pubblica, manipolata da magnati dei media. E ancora. L&#8217;intreccio perverso tra irreligiosit&#224; e fanatismo. Il capitalismo dei Trust. L&#8217;abnorme crescita delle citt&#224; e l&#8217;abbandono delle campagne.</p><p>Soffici, Rosai, Papini, Bottai, <strong>Berto Ricci e il gruppo dell&#8217;</strong><em><strong>&#171;Universale&#187;</strong></em>, tra cui il giovane Montanelli. Questi gli &#8220;ideologi&#8221; dell&#8217;antiamericanismo anni Trenta, fascista, certo, o per meglio dire superfascista e &#8220;mistico&#8221;; che segue per lo pi&#249; linee &#8220;morfologiche&#8221;, per cos&#236; dire alla Spengler, e insiste sul &#8220;conflitto di civilt&#224;&#8221;. Ai nomi gi&#224; fatti si aggiunga <strong>Evola</strong>, che a Firenze non amano per l&#8217;elitarismo: il suo anti-americanismo, elemento portante del Pensiero della Tradizione, &#8220;transita&#8221; tra le due met&#224; del secolo.</p><p>ANTIAMERICANISMO AL TEMPO DELLA GUERRA FREDDA. L&#8217;antiamericanismo anni Trenta non scompare del tutto nel secondo dopoguerra. Si ricombina e trasforma, sopravvivendo alla svolta &#8220;filo-atlantica&#8221; del MSI, datata 1956.</p><p><strong>Ma</strong> <strong>un diverso antiamericanismo irrompe sulla scena a partire dal 1948</strong>, dall&#8217;avvio cio&#232; della Guerra Fredda, di origine stavolta sovietica e cominformista, destinato a mobilitare a lungo l&#8217;opinione pubblica &#8220;progressista&#8221; italiana e a procurarle argomenti che in parte sopravvivono ancora oggi.</p><p>L&#8217;Unione Sovietica, si sostiene, &#232; &#8220;potenza di pace&#8221; (se non l&#8217;Unione Sovietica una qualsiasi altra nazione del campo socialista: la Cina, Cuba, il Vietnam etc.; in seguito perfino l&#8217;Iran, per quanto sia una teocrazia). Gli Stati Uniti invece, &#8220;decadenti&#8221;, &#8220;corrotti&#8221;, sono la malcelata &#8220;prosecuzione&#8221; del Terzo Reich (analogia, questa, storicamente insensata, tuttavia abituale nelle testate di partito o di area, come <em>L&#8217;Unit&#224;</em> o <em>Rinascita</em>).</p><p>Una semplice circostanza per misurare quanto sia sfuggente e obliqua la questione dell&#8217;&#8221;antiamericanismo&#8221; postbellico in Italia - mi riferisco qui all&#8217;antiamericanismo di Sinistra. Composta in buona parte da esponenti della generazione che ha compiuto &#171;il lungo viaggio&#187; (dal fascismo all&#8217;antifascismo) tra la seconda met&#224; degli anni Trenta e i primi Quaranta - siano (stati) essi bottaiani, fascio-corporativisti, tecnocrati di regime, gufini, fascisti &#8220;mistici&#8221; o dissidenti -, l&#8217;<em>intelligencija</em> &#8220;progressista&#8221; trova nell&#8217;adesione degasperiana al Piano Marshall e nella Guerra di Corea ottime occasioni per rinsaldare annosi pregiudizi (non solo antiamericani ma) antidemocratici, antioccidentali, antiliberali. L&#8217;antiamericanismo di matrice comunista attribuisce adesso agli Stati Uniti bellicismo e imperialismo: non se n&#8217;era fatto parola tra le due guerre.</p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e culturali. Iscriviti qui per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Oppure regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/antiamericanismo-antiamericanismi?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p>GLI ANNI DEL BOOM E DELLA GUERRA DEL VIETNAM. &#8220;America&#8221; &#232; termine ideologicamente molteplice: un semplice esercizio di disambiguazione gioverebbe. Invece, anche a seguito della fine del mito sovietico - 1956: il &#8220;rapporto segreto&#8221; di Chru&#353;&#269;&#235;v sui crimini di Stalin, l&#8217;invasione dell&#8217;Ungheria -, si assiste in Italia, a Sinistra, negli anni a cavallo tra Cinquanta e Sessanta, a un precipitoso processo di acculturazione in chiave americana (o &#8220;americanistica&#8221;) che dissipa ogni differenza. Si pu&#242; essere contestualmente Beat e Pop, pro-vietcong e adepti di Andy Warhol.</p><p><strong>Americanismo e antiamericanismo si intrecciano adesso in modi spesso imprevedibili e caotici</strong>; occidentalismo e anti-occidentalismo. A prevalere, nella percezione peninsulare di ci&#242; che &#232; l&#8217;&#8221;America&#8221;, sono al tempo aspetti o circostanze di segno ideologico spesso contrario, rivendicate (o rigettate) in modo per lo pi&#249; avulso e arbitrario: il Grande Sogno Americano e il complesso militar-industriale; l&#8217;America democratica e roosveltiana della Grande Depressione, di <em>Furore</em> e della Liberazione e l&#8217;America del capitalismo maccartista; l&#8217;IBM e il Greenwich Village.</p><p>DESTRA/SINISTRA. Pathos e approssimazione dilagano anche nei territori dell&#8217;&#8221;alta cultura&#8221; filosofica o letteraria. Assistiamo qui a <strong>maldestri tentativi di appropriazione</strong>, da parte marxista-critica, di testi e autori non marxisti se non tout court antimarxisti (sul presupposto, vale la pena aggiungere, di una mai riconosciuta, massiccia mediazione dell&#8217;attualismo gentiliano). Ernst J&#252;nger tiene cos&#236; per mano Lenin; Nietzsche e Heidegger congiurano assieme ai &#8220;classici&#8221; del socialismo massimalista. Prima aborrita, la destra &#8220;irrazionalistica&#8221; tedesca tra le due guerre &#232; adesso &#8220;riscattata&#8221; in virt&#249; di una capacit&#224; di mobilitazione anticapitalistica che si stima superiore al &#8220;gradualismo&#8221; delle segreterie di partito. <strong>Ha ragione Pasolini a denunciare l&#8217;&#8221;omologazione&#8221;</strong>: vale per&#242; la pena specificare che, nell&#8217;ambito del pensiero politico, l&#8217;&#8221;omologazione&#8221; in Italia &#232; tra categorie rivali (Destra/Sinistra) e tradizioni antitetiche.</p><p>ANTIAMERICANISMO OGGI. La mobilitazione contro la guerra in Vietnam, all&#8217;apice in Italia a cavallo tra anni &#8216;60 e &#8216;70, non dissipa reticenze e ambiguit&#224; inscritte in profondit&#224; nel &#8220;discorso&#8221; antiamericano una in Italia. Al tempo <strong>si contestano i napalm: non gli ospedali psichiatrici o il GULag</strong>, di cui ci si rifiuta di parlare (<a href="https://www.rivistailmulino.it/a/aleksandr-sol-enicyn-e-la-cultura-italiana">si rifiuter&#224; di farlo ancora a lungo</a>). E&#8217; un&#8217;occasione persa, questa, di verit&#224; e coerenza, da parte sia del Movimento studentesco - lo denunciano al tempo osservatori autorevoli, come <strong>Nicola Chiaromonte</strong> <strong>o Arturo Carlo Jemolo</strong> -, sia dei &#8220;collettivi&#8221; operai. Il rigetto dell&#8217;Impero &#8220;a stelle e strisce&#8221; si consuma in via per cos&#236; dire inerziale, nel solco prefissato da lungo tempo dalla propaganda sovietica, senza alcuna maturazione collettiva in senso democratico e liberale (anti-totalitario).</p><p>Questa stessa faziosit&#224; si ripete oggi in Italia: lo hanno osservato di recente Edoardo Cycelin, David Assael e Claudio Marincola proprio su <em>&#171;L&#8217;Altravoce&#187;</em>, chiarendo nomi e circostanze [<em>Dove comincia l&#8217;antiamericanismo</em>, 7.1.2026, p. xv]. Si pu&#242; contestare Trump e allo stesso tempo ignorare quali siano le responsabilit&#224; di Maduro o dei dirigenti apicali del regime di Teheran? Recriminare contro le violazioni al diritto internazionale e fingere di ignorare l&#8217;inefficienza delle Nazioni Unite, &#8220;bloccate&#8221; dalla composizione del Consiglio di Sicurezza e dai meccanismi di veto?</p><p>Occorre rifiutare posizioni demagogiche. Non si tratta qui di essere ostinatamente antiamericani o &#8220;atlantisti&#8221; <em>malgr&#233; tout</em>. Ma di tener conto degli scenari dati e capire in che modo l&#8217;Europa (tutta o solo una parte?), forte di <strong>un&#8217;eredit&#224; culturale che conferisce </strong><em><strong>soft power</strong></em>, possa tornare a svolgere ruoli geopolitici rilevanti.</p><p> </p><blockquote><p><em>per approfondimenti: </em></p><p>Michele Dantini, <em>Amicizia italo-sovietica e antiamericanismo in Italia tra Cinquanta e Sessanta</em>, in: Lara Conte e Michele Dantini, a cura di, <em>Narrazioni atlantiche e arti visive 1949-1972</em>, Atti del Convegno, Mimesis, Milano|Udine 2024, pp. 29-54, free download <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382324550_Amicizia_italo-sovietica_e_antiamericanismo_in_Italia_tra_Cinquanta_e_Sessanta_in_Lara_Conte_e_Michele_Dantini_a_cura_di_Narrazioni_atlantiche_e_arti_visive_1949-1972_Atti_del_Convegno_Mimesis_MilanoU">qui</a></p></blockquote><p>                                    </p><p><em>Questo articolo &#232; apparso sul quotidiano </em>L&#8217;Altravoce<em> in data 15.1.2026, p. xv</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e culturali. Iscriviti qui per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Oppure regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, clicca il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" 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stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[In Groenlandia. Diario di viaggio]]></title><description><![CDATA[Come cambia la nostra percezione della grande isola artica, del mondo in generale o di ci&#242; che &#232; Centro e ci&#242; che &#232; Periferia, alla luce dell'"economia di guerra" e delle contese geopolitiche in atto]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-mio-viaggio-in-groenlandia</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-mio-viaggio-in-groenlandia</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2026 13:26:30 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg" width="1200" height="801" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jO_R!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5527353-fb6f-460c-9afb-3a41cf7c3124_1200x801.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Tra 2001 e 2010 ho intrapreso una serie di viaggi off-the-beaten-track attorno al mondo: la mia personale exit strategy dal mondo dell&#8217;arte contemporanea, critica e curatela - vi sarei poi rientrato come artista - e dell&#8217;universit&#224;, che ho lasciato per qualche anno (lasciato incarichi e cattedre: non la ricerca).</p><p>Desideravo intraprendere &#8220;esercizi di scomparsa&#8221;, arrivare l&#224; dove nessuno poteva conoscermi e piantare la tenda. Fare <em>l&#224;</em> esattamente quel che facevo <em>qui</em>, in primo luogo esplorare, studiare, incontrare. Talvolta questa mio <em>parti pris</em> creava problemi: scoprii ad esempio che non &#232; facile spiegare a un poliziotto dell&#8217;isola di Sao Tom&#233; perch&#233;, all&#8217;insegna dell&#8217;anti-esotismo, un occidentale aveva deciso di fotografare le cabine telefoniche dell&#8217;isola, mirabile vestigio di epoca coloniale portoghese; o le vetrine dell&#8217;unico emporio di motociclette dell&#8217;isola, popolate da alcuni clan stanziali di minuscole mosche verde-rame e illuminate da una luce verde strozzata che faceva ancora tanto Salazar.</p><p>Small Islands Nation States: questo, pi&#249; o meno, ci&#242; che mi attraeva. Il &#8220;tutto&#8221; della &#8220;nazione-Stato&#8221; nel piccolo o piccolissimo. Pi&#249; - questo &#232; ovvio, ma devo dirlo, perch&#233; l&#8217;ho nascosto a lungo, cercando di circonloquire - l&#8217;amore (s&#236;, selvaggio) per la Grande Natura Selvaggia, i cui lembi, residui, sono sempre pi&#249; insidiati e contesi. E di cui talvolta, in mancanza di una &#8220;wilderness&#8221; prototipica, espugnata e dilapidata, considero accettabili surrogati Desolazione, Spopolamento, Rovina e Squallore.</p><p>Ok. Questo per dire perch&#233;, a una certa data, giugno/luglio 2021, mi sono trovato (intenzionalmente, intendo) in <strong>Groenlandia</strong>. Cercavo echi dell&#8217;Occidente in contesti extra-occidentali, processi di modernizzazione incipienti, sincretismi e creolizzazioni, in ambiti e attorno a temi cui nessuno badava troppo, al tempo, salvo ascetici cooperanti e qualche etnografo in missione: l&#8217;arte contemporanea Inuit, nel caso specifico, su cui scrissi e pubblicai un breve testo, per met&#224; saggio di etnografia postcoloniale, per met&#224; <em>travelogue</em> e racconto di viaggio, su <em>&#171;Nuova ecologia&#187;</em>, rivista alterglobalista per cui collaboravo al tempo. Narsarsuaq, Nuuk, Ilulissat, Uummannnnaq: tutta la costa Ovest.</p><p>Scioglievo abitualmente le vele per brughiere, scogli e foreste che sembravano presentare interesse solo per l&#8217;ornitologo, il primatologo o lo scienziato di licheni, ma non era cos&#236;: in Africa centrale o Australe, nei Caraibi minori e appunto, in Groenlandia, sceglievo luoghi che sapevo contesi o immaginavo contendibili, &#8220;caldi&#8221; da punti di vista geopolitici - tanto pi&#249; &#8220;caldi&#8221; quanto meno provvisti in apparenza di una qualsiasi ambizione o prestigio. Era questo paradosso o dismisura, in definitiva, che mi affascinava: l&#8217;insensatezza sottilmente paranoica sottesa a ogni politica di potenza, che spinge a guerre sanguinose per poche rocce salmastre battute dai venti.</p><p>Se osservo oggi la mappa dei miei &#8220;viaggiazzi&#8221; e fieldwork (cos&#236; li aveva chiamati un amico bolognese), devo riconoscermi una qualche perspicacia. Potrei tornare in ben pochi luoghi, oggi, tra quelli dove sono stato: perch&#233; quelli che erano conflitti latenti nel frattempo sono deflagrati, in Camerun sudoccidentale o in Nigeria cos&#236; come nel Kalahari tra Namibia e Botswana - qui la presenza del pi&#249; grande giacimento diamantifero del mondo, di propriet&#224; del governo del Botswana, ha indotto l&#8217;elite nera Tswana a cacciare i pochi Ju&#8217;hoansi rimasti sulle loro terre ancestrali, condannandoli alla marginalit&#224; e all&#8217;alcolismo nelle periferie dei centri urbani - o sull&#8217;isola dei Serpenti, Zmeinyi, contesa tra Russia e Ucraina e passata di mano pi&#249; volte nel primo periodo della guerra (ho dedicato a Zmeinyi, vasto scoglio piatto e ventoso al largo delle coste della Romania, un mio progetto datato 2010; che ho esposto a Kiev, Tseh Gallery. Ma di questo una prossima volta).</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg" width="1200" height="825" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:825,&quot;width&quot;:1200,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:149636,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/i/184648453?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pk-Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ffe7da7-3041-4894-b90d-85fac771dc13_1200x825.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici. Iscriviti qui per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Oppure regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, puoi farlo cliccando il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-mio-viaggio-in-groenlandia?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-mio-viaggio-in-groenlandia?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p>Oggi la Groenlandia vanta il primato di &#8220;isola-nazione&#8221; pi&#249; contesa al mondo, con Taiwan; ma desta stupore, ben pi&#249; di Taiwan, perch&#233; a contenderla sono Stati Uniti e Europa, con la NATO chiamata a battersi (contro gli europei!) per permettere agli americani di occupare e annettersi l&#8217;isola. </p><p>Al tempo in cui sono stato in Groenlandia la presenza americana era del tutto irrilevante: esisteva una sola base militare, a Pituffik, gi&#224; <strong>Thule Air Base</strong>, e l&#236; qualche sparuto tecnico radar cercava di sopravvivere a una routine di canasta e nervetti di narvalo che avrebbe ucciso chiunque. Tuttavia.</p><p>Solo raramente mi &#232; accaduto di fare esperienza di ci&#242; che fosse la Terra prima dell&#8217;uomo, lo Splendore intatto, imperturbato, di elementi in mirabile mosso equilibrio tra di loro. In Okawango, in Botswana, forse qui e l&#224; lungo le coste del Mozambico e, appunto, nella Groenlandia artica. La lucentezza abbagliante dei grandi iceberg, le distese di cotone artico agitato dal vento, la silhouette delle balene in emersione e quel soffio profondo, cavernoso, della loro espirazione. I cani sporchi e feroci nutriti a halibut; i panni stesi, le pelli di foca e il pesce appeso ad essiccare; le casette in legno colorato, subito a fianco del ghiacciaio; il rombo dell&#8217;iceberg che si rovescia d&#8217;un tratto perch&#233; il piccolo di foca si &#232; tuffato in acqua, una sterna artica o una pulcinella di mare si &#232; posata sulla sua vetta; le sepolture neolitiche, in caverne modellate dal ghiaccio; le baie che improvvisamente scompaiono in una nebbia impenetrabile, tragica, molto pi&#249; che elisabettiana. Isole giallo-arancio, fiordi, montagne scavate dai ghiacciai, come lo spettacolo di un&#8217;erosione di milioni di anni resa manifesta nell&#8217;istante; e pi&#249; a sud, nella Groenlandia subartica, buoi muschiati al pascolo lungo corsi d&#8217;acqua morenici.</p><p>Nuuk &#232; una piccolissima capitale, non pi&#249; grande di un centro velistico e alberghiero del Maine, in cui con qualche tristezza si incontrano Inuit spossessati e alcolizzati, cui l&#8217;inurbamento non ha giovato. Un bel centro culturale, concepito nella tradizione del modernismo scandinavo, ospita concerti e mostre d&#8217;arte Inuit: qualche volta, non sempre, questa trascende i limiti della <em>airport art</em> che si incontra in qualsiasi luogo al di fuori dell&#8217;Occidente. Tra le case storiche spicca, se non per fasto, per dimensioni quella di Hans Egede, l&#8217;evangelizzatore o rievangelizzatore della Groenlandia nel primo Settecento: dei saggi Inuit, al tempo, gli europei avevano perso le tracce da oltre due secoli. </p><p>Ilulissat mantiene i caratteri del villaggio, e per di pi&#249; vanta un risto cinese con terrazza sulla Disko Bay: fetido ma gustoso. Da vedere la casa-museo di Rasmussen, che accoglie, con i libri del grande esploratore e etnografo danese, i mobili d&#8217;epoca e documenti dei suoi viaggi verso il Polo Nord, anche slitte e altri oggetti di un altro grande scienziato-viaggiatore, Alfred Wegener, geologo e metereologo tedesco, teorico della deriva dei continenti, morto in Groenlandia, nel novembre del 1930, nel corso della sua terza missione polare.</p><p>Avrei creduto, nel visitare la Groenlandia, che questa grande isola protetta dalla sua immensa coltre di ghiaccio avrebbe mantenuto per sempre uno status d&#8217;eccezione, come una franchigia contro le ambizioni annessionistiche degli imperi e l&#8217;avidit&#224; dell&#8217;industria estrattiva. Speravo e ritenevo che sarebbe stato cos&#236;. Ma mi sbagliavo. Il mutamento climatico ha eroso la calotta, e reso meno dispendioso raggiungere la crosta al di sotto del ghiaccio perenne. La Groenlandia oggi &#232; divenuta terra di confine: oltre ogni mia immaginazione, ben al di l&#224; della mobilitazione teorica degli etnografi, la storia politica e militare ha improvvisamente modificato i rapporti tra ci&#242; che noi, ancora all&#8217;inizio di questo terzo millennio, consideravamo Centro e ci&#242; che consideravamo Periferia.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6DG-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb421d27-bad9-4352-9140-099f1cb8d298_1200x824.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6DG-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb421d27-bad9-4352-9140-099f1cb8d298_1200x824.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6DG-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb421d27-bad9-4352-9140-099f1cb8d298_1200x824.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6DG-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb421d27-bad9-4352-9140-099f1cb8d298_1200x824.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6DG-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb421d27-bad9-4352-9140-099f1cb8d298_1200x824.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici. Iscriviti qui per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Oppure regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se desideri condividere questo contenuto, puoi farlo cliccando il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-mio-viaggio-in-groenlandia?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-mio-viaggio-in-groenlandia?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p><em>Photo Credits: &#169; Michele Dantini</em></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA["Norimberga": Standing Ovation]]></title><description><![CDATA[Il film di James Vanderbilt fa giustizia del rassicurante luogo comune del "cattivo tedesco" mentre invita a riflettere, con Hannah Arendt, sull&#8217;ordinariet&#224; di ci&#242; che chiamiamo Male]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/norimberga-standing-ovation</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/norimberga-standing-ovation</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 12 Jan 2026 06:29:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png" width="1456" height="951" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZEvr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bbb7cb7-266a-4282-ae08-b54043a0d2f4_2076x1356.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Ho trovato <em>Norimberga</em> di <strong>James Vanderbilt</strong> un film superbo; diverso e addirittura contrario dal primo <em>Norimberga</em>, con Alec Baldwin (2000).</p><p>Il film rinvia al saggio <em>Norimberga. Il nazista e lo psichiatra</em> di Jack El-Hai (2013) e ricostruisce il rapporto tra Douglas Kelley, tenente dell&#8217;esercito americano e psichiatra, chiamato a valutare la sanit&#224; mentale dei capi nazisti, e <strong>Hermann G&#246;ring</strong> prima e durante il processo di Norimberga, che si tiene dal novembre 1945 all&#8217;ottobre 1946. Nello scrivere il suo saggio, El-Hai ha usato come fonte la memoria, di mano di Kelley, <em>22 Cells in Nuremberg</em> (1947), che non ottiene alcun successo in America al tempo in cui &#232; pubblicata. La sceneggiatura di <em>Norimberga</em> poggia dunque su solide basi documentarie.</p><p>Interpretato in modo ispirato da Rami Malek e Russell Crowe, lanciato a grande velocit&#224; dal primo all&#8217;ultimo fotogramma, cupo, dominato da luttuose tonalit&#224; ruggine, sostenuto da un&#8217;esigenza di crudezza e brutalit&#224; sconvolgente, critico del modo in cui gli Alleati istruiscono un processo dall&#8217;esito obbligato e senza appigli a una qualsiasi giurisprudenza positiva, pi&#249; volte vicino all&#8217;apologia, senza mai cadervi, con le sequenze documentarie delle cataste di cadaveri dei campi nazisti, mostrate una prima volta al mondo proprio in occasione del processo, a dividere in due parti la narrazione e la seconda parte non pi&#249; dominata dall&#8217;astuzia o malizia o perspicacia di G&#246;ring - che spicca qui tra gli altri imputati, non solo per le grandi doti attoriali di Crowe -, senza pi&#249; ambiguit&#224; alcuna n&#233; concessione di sorta all&#8217;&#8221;umanit&#224;&#8221; dei nazionalsocialisti, che si sceglie tuttavia di mostrare, Ley o Streicher ad esempio, in modi lontani dalla stereotipia caricaturale.</p><p>Tutto questo, lungi appunto dal cadere nell&#8217;apologia, trova senso alla conclusione del film, con l&#8217;allontanamento di Douglas Kelly (Malek), dallo studio di registrazione americano, ormai rigettato e deriso a mo&#8217; di sgradita Cassandra dai suoi stessi compatrioti, colpevole, a detta dei giornalisti l&#236; presenti, di avere richiamato l&#8217;attenzione sulla &#8220;normalit&#224;&#8221; dei capi nazisti in modo evidentemente non rassicurante per l&#8217;opinione pubblica americana - come poi far&#224; <strong>Hannah Arendt</strong> in occasione del processo ad Eichmann -; e affermato che le stesse atrocit&#224; possono accadere o ripetersi anche negli Stati Uniti o in Gran Bretagna, ovunque vi siano leader &#8220;narcisistici&#8221; motivati da un&#8217;&#8221;ordinaria&#8221; brama di controllo e potere.  </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-knp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab303497-bead-4d4c-9446-92c0322c10b5_1576x982.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-knp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab303497-bead-4d4c-9446-92c0322c10b5_1576x982.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-knp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab303497-bead-4d4c-9446-92c0322c10b5_1576x982.png 848w, 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pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>&#8220;Norimberga&#8221;: Standing Ovation</em>. Iscriviti qui sotto per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Oppure regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Se ti interessa leggere la mia review di un altro film dedicato al Terzo Reich, <em>Leni Riefenstahl</em> di Andr&#233;s Veiel (2024), purtroppo non ancora distribuito in Italia, la trovi <a href="https://substack.com/@micheledantini/note/c-179595657">qui</a>. </p><p>Condividi questo contenuto cliccando il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/norimberga-standing-ovation?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/norimberga-standing-ovation?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Winston. Indici/1]]></title><description><![CDATA[Uno strumento utile per orientarsi nel blog: gli indici periodici delle diverse sezioni. Oggi gli indici di "Winston", sezione dedicata a temi geopolitici e geoculturali]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/winston-indici1</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/winston-indici1</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 09 Jan 2026 11:43:18 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-PDh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e642a97-b9e4-490d-b615-cf208477ccb7_708x960.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-PDh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e642a97-b9e4-490d-b615-cf208477ccb7_708x960.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1596b798-fc7f-4453-8c0a-185d13dfacbe&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;La cattura di Maduro, il lancio di missili contro i campi ISIS nel Nord della Nigeria, le affermazioni di Trump sulla Groenlandia, cui la UE non trova alcunch&#233; da replicare: sono circostanze per cos&#236; dire omogenee, del tipo &#8220;un fenomeno pu&#242; essere casuale, due fenomeni fanno una teoria&#8221;, da cui trarre certezza della svolta &#8220;strutturale&#8221; in corso nella p&#8230;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;lg&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Un partito \&quot;a spigoli vivi\&quot;. Cosa si agita a destra di Trump&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:7647758,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;MicheleDantini&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Art historian and writer. I work on contemporary art, visual culture, memory studies and the politics of images. This is my public research notebook: short essays, critical readings of artworks and exhibitions, and reflections on visual culture.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c93483b6-814a-4394-bcb0-7032018d1688_1287x1287.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-06T15:31:28.383Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-partito-a-spigoli-vivi&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Winston&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:183552732,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:4,&quot;comment_count&quot;:2,&quot;publication_id&quot;:402793,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Michele Dantini&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CYcX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03d487f-93e5-424c-a37b-40fd6aeea08e_432x432.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;17f495e3-c73d-4e04-9927-561f2923267f&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Con l&#8217;avvio della mia collaborazione al quotidiano L&#8217;Altravoce, diretto da Alessandro Barbano, nel ruolo di editorialista, la sezione Winston del blog - che avrebbe potuto chiamarsi Socrate o Isaiah (Berlin) -, dedicata a temi politici e geoculturali, assume adesso dimensioni pi&#249; conseguenti e istituzionali (la trovate&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;lg&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;In che senso diciamo \&quot;tradizione\&quot;? &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:7647758,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;MicheleDantini&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Art historian and writer. 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This is my public research notebook: short essays, critical readings of artworks and exhibitions, and reflections on visual culture.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c93483b6-814a-4394-bcb0-7032018d1688_1287x1287.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-31T13:03:06.988Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/in-che-senso-diciamo-tradizione&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Winston&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:182963701,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:402793,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Michele Dantini&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CYcX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03d487f-93e5-424c-a37b-40fd6aeea08e_432x432.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;f55a1990-ff94-4f3b-a1cb-880433de7e4c&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Sul presupposto di indimostrabili analogie tra Hitler e Putin, tra Terzo Reich e Russia post-sovietica, si fa un gran parlare oggi del 1938 - l&#8217;Europa sull&#8217;orlo della guerra, le rivendicazioni di Hitler, la Conferenza di Monaco, la dabbenaggine di Chamberlain -. E se ne deriva la necessit&#224;, da parte europea, di anteporre riarmo e deterrenza a diplomazia&#8230;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;lg&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;1938 / 2025. Fallacia delle analogie, (in)evitabilit&#224; della guerra &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:7647758,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;MicheleDantini&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Art historian and writer. I work on contemporary art, visual culture, memory studies and the politics of images. This is my public research notebook: short essays, critical readings of artworks and exhibitions, and reflections on visual culture.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c93483b6-814a-4394-bcb0-7032018d1688_1287x1287.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-21T07:30:32.338Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ScLF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8a9be5ae-23a6-4b49-abe9-fb26c11bcdc3_1350x809.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/1938-2025-fallacia-delle-analogie&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Winston&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:182180285,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:3,&quot;comment_count&quot;:2,&quot;publication_id&quot;:402793,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Michele Dantini&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CYcX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03d487f-93e5-424c-a37b-40fd6aeea08e_432x432.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;82f86087-5993-4189-88bd-aa971cf1306e&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Cosa cambia nei rapporti tra Europa e USA all&#8217;indomani della pubblicazione del nuovo documento strategico di Washington e degli attacchi al &#171;totalitarismo Woke&#187; di Bruxelles? Colpisce la riflessione di un opinion columnist del New York Times, Bret Stephens, conservatore e anti-trumpiano, su ci&#242; che non funziona in Europa (&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;lg&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Reset Europe&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:7647758,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;MicheleDantini&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Art historian and writer. I work on contemporary art, visual culture, memory studies and the politics of images. This is my public research notebook: short essays, critical readings of artworks and exhibitions, and reflections on visual culture.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c93483b6-814a-4394-bcb0-7032018d1688_1287x1287.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-13T13:02:00.126Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CyKN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa393347b-9e1a-4569-9123-71f0c552972f_1276x1276.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/reset-europe&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Winston&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:181498245,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:4,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:402793,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Michele Dantini&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CYcX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03d487f-93e5-424c-a37b-40fd6aeea08e_432x432.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Perché scrivo di geopolitica]]></title><description><![CDATA[Breve "mon coeur mis &#224; nu" di un critico e storico dell'arte]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/perche-scrivo-di-geopolitica</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/perche-scrivo-di-geopolitica</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 07 Jan 2026 06:44:25 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!opDa!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb767105c-9949-4448-87d2-5cfb35ca0a0c_700x897.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!opDa!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb767105c-9949-4448-87d2-5cfb35ca0a0c_700x897.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!opDa!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb767105c-9949-4448-87d2-5cfb35ca0a0c_700x897.jpeg 424w, 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Per origine e tradizione, l&#8217;analisi del testo &#232; competenza dei filologi. Quali testi &#8220;analizzare&#8221;, allora, per comprendere ci&#242; che sta accadendo in ambito internazionale; quali &#8220;bibliografie&#8221; ricomporre, con quali strumenti, per prospettare nuovi &#8220;archivi&#8221; e giacimenti documentari e modelli di analisi <em>alternativi</em> al luogo comune giornalistico-politologico in corso - alternativi e soprattutto credibili?</p><p>Ogni amministrazione, inclusa l&#8217;americana attuale, segue un copione scritto a pi&#249; mani: una sceneggiatura. Tale copione &#232; politico. Simboli, rituali, parole d&#8217;ordine, echi del passato, tradizioni (inventate o meno: non importa qui) hanno la loro parte. E cos&#236; pure controversie attorno a ci&#242; che chiamiamo &#8220;identit&#224;&#8221;. Invocare un&#8217;unica circostanza, <em>causa per effetto</em>, appare riduttivo. Abbiamo necessit&#224; di immaginazione per discernere il copione e distaccarlo dallo sfondo di voyeurismo e rumore in cui l&#8217;eco mediatica colloca in ogni momento gli attori; di acribia filologica, per riconoscere le diverse mani; di competenza testuale, infine, per cogliere il senso degli <em>omissis</em>. Niente che un filologo esperto non sia solito fare: purch&#233; provvisto di ci&#242; che Berlin chiama un solido &#8220;senso della realt&#224;&#8221; e delle proporzioni.  </p><p>Giuliano Ferrara insorge <a href="https://share.google/Z0sEMslPM7hEdgB8C">qui</a> contro &#171;sragionamento&#187; e &#171;petulanza&#187; degli intellettuali &#171;accademici&#187;. La sua polemica mi interessa: perch&#233; investe il problema delle competenze geopolitiche e contribuisce a renderci pi&#249; avvertiti circa logori monopoli interpretativi. &#171;Pi&#249; sono petulanti&#187;, sbotta Ferrara, &#171;pi&#249; inseguono il suono della loro voce autorevole nelle interviste a raffica, pi&#249; sragionano&#187;, cio&#232; &#171;non si applica[no], non studia[no] i problemi, come [invece] fanno molto bene analisti e commentatori di banale estrazione giornalistica&#187;. Se la prende soprattutto con Massimo Cacciari e Franco Cardini, e, nel merito (dei due o delle loro <em>hot topics</em> d&#8217;occasione, geopolitiche appunto - Ucraina, Venezuela -), difficile non essere d&#8217;accordo con lui.</p><p>Dove per&#242; Ferrara generalizza - &#171;intellettuali e accademici&#187; <em>tout court</em> -, vedo piuttosto un problema individuale e, forse, generazionale: di desuetudine al confronto e mancato ricambio, di autoindulgenza eccessiva.</p><p>Dove Ferrara stabilisce il paragone - giornalisti <em>contra</em> intellettuali - vedo invece una qualche faziosit&#224;: davvero Ferrara pu&#242; concedere tanto credito, fatte salve le eccezioni che lui stesso nomina, all&#8217;&#171;estrazione giornalistica&#187;, sia o meno &#171;banale&#187;?</p><p>Come che sia, vorrei proporre in questo blog analisi geopolitiche per lo pi&#249; imperniate non su competenze locali minute, in tema di Ucraina o Venezuela, ad esempio, che pochi qui hanno, tra universit&#224; &#8220;legate al territorio&#8221; (cio&#232; dedite al piccolo commercio con amministrazioni/fondazioni locali) e testate che hanno dismesso non da ieri, ma dall&#8217;altroieri o dal giorno prima, ricerche sul campo o investimenti in reportage. <em>Ma su problemi di tecnica di indagine</em>.</p><p>Come formarsi le competenze necessarie a comprendere e valutare la &#8220;svolta&#8221; americana in politica estera? O i tratti in apparenza eversivi della Presidenza Trump, secondo mandato? Gli scenari interni americani, la competizione elettorale, il Grande Gioco, cui tutto ci&#242; risponde? In definitiva, detto in modo molto piano e concreto, <em>da storico dei libri</em>: quali le bibliografie in lingua su cui aggiornarci in merito alla &#8220;svolta&#8221; di cui sopra, del tutto a prescindere dalle nostre convinzioni, per evitare ipersemplificazioni, licealit&#224;, pietrificati apriori, goffaggini, luoghi comuni purtroppo d&#8217;ordine corrente nella pubblicistica italiana e europea, di estrazione accademica <em>e</em> giornalistica (altro che &#171;studiare&#187;, come pretende Ferrara&#8230;)?</p><p>Bene. Studiamo appunto: con perspicacia e abnegazione. E&#8217; tutto, buona lettura!</p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e geoculturali. Iscriviti qui sotto per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p>Regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Oppure, se desideri condividere questo contenuto, puoi farlo cliccando il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/perche-scrivo-di-geopolitica?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/perche-scrivo-di-geopolitica?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Condividi</span></a></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Un partito "a spigoli vivi". Cosa si agita a destra di Trump]]></title><description><![CDATA[Come valutare la svolta USA in politica estera? Da noi c'&#232; chi si straccia le vesti e chi fa professione di "realismo". Per capire sembra per&#242; utile decifrare premesse ideologiche e scenari interni]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-partito-a-spigoli-vivi</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-partito-a-spigoli-vivi</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 15:31:28 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg" width="832" height="1232" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1232,&quot;width&quot;:832,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:210571,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/i/183552732?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!U0B5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6c313f3-1809-44d2-8c53-cb16488fa649_832x1232.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>La cattura di Maduro, il lancio di missili contro i campi ISIS nel Nord della Nigeria, le affermazioni di Trump sulla Groenlandia, cui la UE non trova alcunch&#233; da replicare: sono circostanze per cos&#236; dire omogenee, del tipo &#8220;un fenomeno pu&#242; essere casuale, due fenomeni fanno una teoria&#8221;, da cui trarre certezza della svolta &#8220;strutturale&#8221; in corso nella politica estera statunitense. Questa, &#232; evidente, risponde oggi non pi&#249; a criteri di diritto internazionale, n&#233; delega a organismi sovranazionali: presuppone invece una congiuntura di pre-guerra.</p><p>In altre parole: gli Stati Uniti non ritengono oggi di poter o dover &#8220;amministrare&#8221; la pace, nel ruolo (incontrastato) di unica grande potenza rimasta dopo la dissoluzione dell&#8217;URSS. Al contrario: <strong>agiscono come se fossero gi&#224; in guerra</strong>, anche se si tratta per adesso di una guerra non guerreggiata. Non agiscono pi&#249; come un arbitro <em>super partes</em>: ma come parte. Contro chi &#232; facile dire.</p><p>La Groenlandia &#232; gi&#224; sul punto di diventare &#8220;oggetto&#8221; di scambio o baratto: la grande isola artica e subartica in cambio del via libera a Pechino per l&#8217;annessione di Taiwan. Anzi: presumibilmente lo &#232; gi&#224; stata, perch&#233; parrebbe strano Putin non avesse dato via libera a Washington in cambio del riconoscimento delle sue pretese sui territori (ex-)ucraini contesi e occupati.</p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e geoculturali. Iscriviti qui sotto per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><div><hr></div><p>L&#8217;indignazione, in Europa almeno, &#232; grande: chi, tra giuristi, politologi e esperti di relazioni internazionali, non si &#232; pronunciato in questi giorni contro il nuovo indirizzo statunitense in politica estera? C&#8217;&#232; poco da aggiungere o obiettare; a scanso di equivoci il mio punto di vista &#232; molto simile a quello espresso <a href="https://www.instagram.com/reel/DTIYJjoiOU8/?igsh=MXN3ejF3Z2tpdWQ3YQ==">qui</a> e <a href="https://www.instagram.com/reel/DTI-z0FCN8t/?igsh=ZHR3dDA0c3Q5b2Z4">qui</a>. <strong>Resta per&#242; da capire</strong>: e per farlo conviene guardare alla politica interna.</p><p>Trump corre oggi il rischio essere scavalcato a Destra: questo &#232; il (suo) problema. Ambizioni imperiali in tema di &#8220;nuovo secolo americano&#8221;, questioni identitarie (occidentalismo), ideologie Silicon Valley del tipo &#8220;be hungry, be foolish&#8221;, nazionalismo bianco: un simile OdG, inquietante, congiura contro il prestigio del secondo mandato. Trump &#8220;moderato&#8221;?: cos&#236; appare.</p><p>N&#233; sono chiacchiere quelle sul &#8220;nuovo partito&#8221; di Musk, Yarvin, Thiel, Andreessen etc. Vance, vice-presidente e amico di Yarvin, costituisce oggi il <em>trait d&#8217;union</em> tra il governo e la Silicon Valley, e preme nella stessa direzione &#8220;tecno-monarchica&#8221;. Tutto qui: molto semplice, in definitiva. Con un&#8217;Europa politica in larga parte irrilevante, che non intende pi&#249; cosa sia una &#8220;politica di potenza&#8221; e quale complessit&#224; di motivazioni, materiali e immateriali, le siano proprie; e il Grande Gioco che si svolge nell&#8217;Indopacifico.</p><p>Yarvin ha appena pubblicato un interminabile editoriale, <a href="https://substack.com/@graymirror/note/p-181216819?r=4jx1q&amp;utm_medium=ios&amp;utm_source=notes-share-action">proprio qui su </a><em><a href="https://substack.com/@graymirror/note/p-181216819?r=4jx1q&amp;utm_medium=ios&amp;utm_source=notes-share-action">Substack</a></em>, che ha le apparenze di un programma eversivo. Il secondo mandato di Trump, osserva, &#232; stato fallimentare. Non si &#232; avuta l&#8217;&#8221;energia&#8221; di passare il Rubicone. Ormai &#232; tardi, la &#8220;rivoluzione&#8221; che poteva essere non sar&#224; pi&#249;, il Deep State ha vinto, MAGA ha perso. Per provare di nuovo, vaticina, e stavolta con successo occorre un nuovo partito, un &#8220;partito a spigoli vivi&#8221;: certo non sul modello di NSDAP o delle &#8220;squadracce&#8221; mussoliniane - Yarvin &#232; chiaro in proposito: mostra di conoscere bene, a suo modo, la storia europea degli anni Venti e Trenta; e di prenderne le distanze -, vicino semmai, sotto profili organizzativi, al PCR(b), il partito di Lenin. Serrato come un pugno, coeso al suo interno attorno al principio dei &#8220;pieni poteri&#8221;, tale da muoversi al di fuori delle regole democratiche: nessuno pu&#242; credere che il GOP, cio&#232; il Partito repubblicano, possa fare al caso.</p><p>Questo &#232;. Trump deve dare qualcosa al suo (ex?) elettorato pi&#249; indocile e inquieto, i &#8220;tecno-monarchi&#8221; appunto: lo scontro con Musk, rientrato in apparenza, probabilmente &#232; stato solo un&#8217;avvisaglia di ci&#242; si agita pi&#249; in profondit&#224;. Trump, spiega Yarvin, deve produrre &#171;danno&#187; su piani sia interni sia internazionali: perch&#233; solo &#171;il danno produce quell&#8217;energia&#187; di cui &#232; accusato oggi di mancare. Danno contro gli odiati &#171;libs&#187;, contro l&#8217;Europa, contro le alleanze di paesi emergenti. Niente di meglio della &#171;crudelt&#224;&#187;, spiega Yarvin, per creare consenso interno. Il ditirambo trova qui il proprio apice.</p><p>Non c&#8217;&#232; molto che possiamo dire o fare, per adesso, dall&#8217;Europa, che, nella sua fattispecie istituzionale, conosce di settimana in settimana apici di umiliazione di cui tutti sembrano preoccuparsi, eccettuata la dirigenza. Certo per&#242; &#232; utile, per capire, <strong>muovere oltre l&#8217;indignazione</strong> un po&#8217; azzimata, in doppiopetto, che distingue le reazioni di questi giorni; e altres&#236; le pose da cinici &#8220;realisti&#8221;, che non ammettono sconcerto per una svolta pure epocale nei rapporti transatlantici.</p><p>Proviamo invece a consultare la pubblicistica che, da parte americana, <em>a destra di MAGA</em>, getta le premesse di una riconfigurazione geopolitica del mondo senza precedenti, da Yalta in poi; e accompagna guerre che appaiono gi&#224; in atto, anche se non guerreggiate. Facciamolo da analisti, laicamente: non c&#8217;&#232; bisogno di farlo da fiancheggiatori.</p><div><hr></div><p>Grazie per avere letto <em>Winston</em>, la sezione del blog dedicata a temi geopolitici e geoculturali. Iscriviti qui sotto per ricevere i prossimi articoli e supportare il mio lavoro.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Iscriviti ora&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Iscriviti ora</span></a></p><p></p><p>Regala il blog cliccando <a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/subscribe?gift=true&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email">qui</a>!</p><p>Oppure, se desideri condividere questo contenuto, puoi farlo cliccando il pulsante qui sotto.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-partito-a-spigoli-vivi?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Condividi&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/un-partito-a-spigoli-vivi?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Condividi</span></a></p><div><hr></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[In che senso diciamo "tradizione"? ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Breve esercizio di disambiguazione teorico-pratica attorno a un termine sin troppo conteso e frainteso. Feat. Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, Th. Mann, Evola, Gu&#233;non, Berlin, Scruton, Zolla e pure de Martino]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/in-che-senso-diciamo-tradizione</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/in-che-senso-diciamo-tradizione</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 13:03:06 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg 1272w, 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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:927,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:339647,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://micheledantini.substack.com/i/182963701?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XjRi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe105432e-a68e-460c-8faf-4cbc9f4d287a_1920x1222.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Con l&#8217;avvio della mia collaborazione al quotidiano <em>L&#8217;Altravoce</em>, diretto da Alessandro Barbano, nel ruolo di editorialista, la sezione <strong>Winston</strong> del blog - che avrebbe potuto chiamarsi Socrate o Isaiah (Berlin) -, dedicata a temi politici e geoculturali, assume adesso dimensioni pi&#249; conseguenti e istituzionali (la trovate <strong><a href="https://micheledantini.substack.com/s/winston">qui</a></strong>; con post e note pubblicati si&#8230;</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[1938 / 2025. Fallacia delle analogie, (in)evitabilità della guerra ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Si fa un gran parlare del 1938, oggi in Occidente, per concludere che la guerra con la Russia &#232; ormai inevitabile. Perch&#233; tutto questo non convince]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/1938-2025-fallacia-delle-analogie</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/1938-2025-fallacia-delle-analogie</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 21 Dec 2025 07:30:32 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ScLF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8a9be5ae-23a6-4b49-abe9-fb26c11bcdc3_1350x809.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Sul presupposto di indimostrabili analogie tra Hitler e Putin, tra Terzo Reich e Russia post-sovietica, si fa un gran parlare oggi del 1938 - l&#8217;Europa sull&#8217;orlo della guerra, le rivendicazioni di Hitler, la Conferenza di Monaco, la dabbenaggine di Chamberlain -. E se ne deriva la necessit&#224;, da parte europea, di anteporre riarmo e deterrenza a diplomazia&#8230;</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Reset Europe]]></title><description><![CDATA[Gli attacchi americani al &#171;totalitarismo Woke&#187; di Bruxelles e un editoriale del NYT restituiscono attualit&#224; a una mia riflessione su arte e cultura avviata all'indomani della strage di "Charlie Hebdo"]]></description><link>https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/reset-europe</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://micheledantini.substack.com/p/reset-europe</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[MicheleDantini]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 13 Dec 2025 13:02:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CyKN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa393347b-9e1a-4569-9123-71f0c552972f_1276x1276.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cosa cambia nei rapporti tra Europa e USA all&#8217;indomani della pubblicazione del nuovo documento strategico di Washington e degli attacchi al &#171;totalitarismo Woke&#187; di Bruxelles? Colpisce la riflessione di un opinion columnist del <em>New York Times</em>, Bret Stephens, conservatore e anti-trumpiano, su ci&#242; che non funziona in Europa (<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/09/opinion/national-security-strategy-us-europe.html">qui</a>): il documento strategico &#232;&#8230;</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>